Stoneybatter STEM Club
Dublin, Ireland

info@ssc.ie

simple (interconnected) layers:
physics
chemistry
biology
neuroscience
cognition
psychology
behaviour
sociology
economics
political science
history
philosophy

SSC didn't want to publish a homepage without any STEM content on it so here is a list of (suggested) prompts for AI.

2017 AD I-LOFAR #low frequency array station #
2016 AD LIGO #cosmology, gravitational wave #
2014 AD LHCb #particle physics #
2014 AD Chris Lattner #computer_s #the Swift programming language
2012 AD John Gurdon, Shinya Yamanaka #biology, stem cell #
2010 AD J. Craig Venter Institute #genomics #
2010 AD Andre Geim, Konstantin Novoselov #solid-state physics #
2009 AD Satoshi Nakamoto #computer_s #Bitcoin
2008 AD Tom Knight #invention, synthetic biology #BioBricks
2008 AD Aleksandr Makarov #invention #Orbitrap mass spectrometer
2007 AD Jung-Tsung Shen #particle physics #photonic molecules
2007 AD Duncan Lorimer, David Narkevic #astrophysics, extragalactic radio burst #
2007 AD Pranoti Nagarkar-Israni #invention #Rotimatic
2006 AD Neanderthal Genome Project #genetics #
2004 AD Martin Odersky #computer_s #the Scala programming language
2001 AD Katsuhiko Okamoto #invention #Okamoto Cubes
2000 AD DONUT #particle physics, tau neutrino #
1998 AD Supernova Cosmology Project | High-Z Supernova Team #cosmology, accelerating universe #
1997 AD Fermilab #particle physics, upsilon #
1997 AD Tomislav Uzelac #invention, computer_s #first successful MP3 player AMP
1996 AD Roslin Institute #cloning, first mammal cloned #
1996 AD John O'Sullivan #engineering #WIFI
1995 AD Rasmus Lerdorf #invention, computer_s #PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor
1995 AD James Gosling #invention, computer_s #the Java programming language
1995 AD Yukihiro Matsumoto #computer_s, ruby #the Ruby programming language
1995 AD Brendan Eich #computer_s, javascript #the JavaScript programming language
1995 AD Kazuo Hashimoto #invention #a.o. Caller-ID answering machine
1994 AD World Wide Web Consortium* #standards, computer_s #
1994 AD George Olah #chemistry, carbocation chemistry #
1994 AD Broadband Forum #computer_s, standards #
1993 AD Ross Ihaka, Robert Gentleman #math, computer_s #the R programming language
1992 AD The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection #radio, microwave, ultraviolet, infrared recommendations #
1991 AD Richard Ernst #chemistry, spectroscopy #
1991 AD Guido van Rossum #invention #the Python programming language
1991 AD Linus Benedict Torvalds #computer_s #Linux kernel
1990 AD The Human Genome Project #genetics #
1989 AD European IP Networks #computer_s #
1989 AD Video Electronics Standards Association #computer_s, standards #
1989 AD Brian Fox #computer_s #GNU Bash shell
1989 AD Magellan #space probe #
1989 AD Steven Scott Crump #invention #a.o. Fused deposition modeling
1989 AD Object Management Group #computer_s, voluntary standards #Unified Modelling Language
1988 AD Robert Morris #computer_s #Internet Virus
1988 AD Stephen Wolfram #math, physics, computer_s #the Wolfram language
1988 AD Societe Europeenne des Satellites (ASTRA) #geostationary satellite #
1988 AD Jon Postel #computer_s #Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
1987 AD Ted Selker #computer_s, invention #Pointing stick
1987 AD Larry Wall #computer_s #the Perl scripting language
1986 AD Eric Thomas #computer_s #Electronic Mailing List
1986 AD Internet Engineering Task Force* #standards, computer_s #Internet protocol suite
1985 AD Leslie Lamport #computer_s #LaTeX
1984 AD Alec Jeffreys #biology, molecular biology, invention #DNA Fingerprinting
1982 AD Courtney Goodin, Laurence Abrams #invention, electronic engineering #teleprompter
1982 AD Christoph Gerber #invention #with Calvin Quate 1923 and Gerd Binnig 1947 circa - Atomic force microscope
1982 AD Rich Skrenta #computer_s, invention #elk cloner computer virus
1982 AD Peter Lynch #meteorology #
1982 AD Computing Technology Industry Association #computer_s #A+, Linux+, Network+, Security+, Server+
1981 AD Clive Finkelstein #information technology engineering #
1981 AD Venera 13 #space probe #
1981 AD Aaron O'Connell #invention #first Quantum machine
1980 AD Kazimierz Kuratowski #logic, math #
1980 AD Robert Metcalfe #invention, computer_s #co-invented Ethernet
1979 AD Bjarne Stroustrup #invention, computer_s #the C++ programming language
1979 AD International Maritime Satellite Organization #geostationary satellite #
1977 AD Bhargav Sri Prakash #invention #platform for digital vaccines
1977 AD Voyager 1 #space probe #
1977 AD Advanced Research Projects Agency #computer_s #
1976 AD Kenneth Appel, Wolfgang Haken #math, topology #
1975 AD European Space Agency #observatory #
1974 AD Donald Chamberlin, Raymond Boyce #computer_s #Structured Query Language
1974 AD Marin Soljacic #invention #Resonant inductive coupling
1974 AD Abraham Albert Yuzpe #invention #Yuzpe regimen (form of Emergency contraception)
1974 AD James Bowler #geology, geomorphology #
1973 AD Global Positioning System* #radionavigation-satellite service #
1973 AD Larry Page #invention #with Sergey Brin invented Google web search engine
1973 AD Laurence Nagel #computer_s #Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis
1972 AD James McLurkin #invention, robotics #Ant robotics
1972 AD Eugene Roshal #invention, computer_s #FAR file manager, RAR file format, WinRAR file archiver
1972 AD Dennis Ritchie #invention, computer_s #the C programming language
1972 AD Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor #invention #cell growth in outer space, crystallization of proteins and microbes in space
1972 AD Alain Colmerauer #computer_s #the Prolog programming language
1971 AD Bill Bowerman #invention #waffle-sole running shoes
1971 AD Ray Tomlinson #invention, computer_s #First inter-computer email
1970 AD Mulalo Doyoyo #invention #Cenocell - cementless concrete
1970 AD Information Age (Multimedia Age, Social Age, Big Data Age) #information technology #
1969 AD Lori Greiner #invention #anti-tarnish lining
1969 AD Apollo 11 #human spaceflight #
1969 AD ARPANET #computer_s #
1968 AD Larry Sanger #invention #Wikipedia, with Jimmy Wales
1967 AD Rene Favaloro #physiology, medicine #Coronary Bypass Surgery
1967 AD Jarkko Oikarinen #invention, computer_s #Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
1967 AD World Intellectual Property Organization #intellectual property #
1966 AD Grigori Perelman #math #
1965 AD Marcus Du Sautoy #math #
1965 AD Yevgeny Kaspersky #invention #Kaspersky Anti-Virus, Kaspersky Internet Security, Kaspersky Mobile Security anti-virus products
1965 AD Greg Henderson #invention #hoverboard, Magnetic field architecture, SAFE Building System
1964 AD John Kemeny, Thomas Kurtz #invention, computer_s #the BASIC programming language
1964 AD International Telecommunications Satellite Organisation #geostationary satellite #
1963 AD Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers* #standards #
1963 AD May-Britt Moser #neuroscience #
1963 AD Timothy Gowers #math #
1963 AD Ahmed Majan #invention #instrumented racehorse saddle
1963 AD Ivan Sutherland #computer_s #Computer-aided design
1962 AD European Southern Observatory #observatory #
1962 AD Lev Davidovich Landau #physics #
1962 AD Paul Anastas #green chemistry #
1961 AD Miguel Nicolelis #invention #Brain-machine interfaces
1961 AD Kenyon Taylor #invention #Flip-disc display
1960 AD Scott Jones #invention #versions of voicemail as well as ChaCha Search, a human-assisted search engine
1960 AD Willard Frank Libby #physical chemistry, radiocarbon dating #
1960 AD Randi Altschul #invention #Disposable cellphone
1960 AD Philip Parker #invention #computer automated book authoring
1959 AD Simon Sunatori #invention #MagneScribe and Magic Spicer
1959 AD Luna 3 #space probe #
1959 AD Tony Hoare #computer_s #
1958 AD Space Age #space #
1958 AD Remi Swierczek #invention #Inventor of Music Identification System and the Mico Changer (coin hopper and dispenser used in casinos)
1958 AD Ralf Reski #invention #Moss bioreactor 1998
1958 AD Mark Publicover #invention #first affordable trampoline safety net enclosure
1958 AD Kia Silverbrook #invention #Memjet printer, world's most prolific inventor
1958 AD Explorer 1 #geostationary satellite #
1958 AD Harry Glicken #geology, volcanology #
1958 AD John McCarthy #computer_s #the Lisp programming language
1957 AD Jian Zhou #invention #with Ian Hector Frazer (1953) - HPV vaccine against cervical cancer
1957 AD Yoshiyuki Sankai #invention, medicine #Robotic exoskeleton for motion support
1957 AD Eric Fossum #invention #intra-pixel charge transfer in CMOS image sensors
1957 AD John Warner Backus #computer_s #the Fortran programming language
1957 AD Sputnik 1 #artificial satellite #
1956 AD Alexey Pajitnov #invention #Tetris
1956 AD Carlo Rovelli #science writer #
1956 AD Andre Frederic Cournand, Werner Forssmann, Dickinson Richards #physiology, medicine #
1956 AD William Bradford Shockley, John Bardeen, Walter Houser Brattain #physics, semiconductors #
1956 AD Timothy Fridtjof Flannery #mammalogy, palaeontology #
1956 AD Steve Kirsch #invention #Optical mouse
1956 AD Joy Mangano #invention #household appliances
1956 AD Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov #chemistry #
1955 AD Axel Hugo Theodor Theorell #physiology, medicine #
1955 AD Willis Eugene Lamb, Polykarp Kusch #physics #
1955 AD Andrew Strominger #physics #
1955 AD Tim Berners-Lee #invention, computer_s #with Robert Cailliau the World Wide Web
1955 AD Steve Jobs #invention #Apple Macintosh computer, iPod, iPhone, iPad and other devices and software operating systems and applications
1955 AD David Chaum #invention #a.o. Digital signatures, ecash
1954 AD CERN #particle physics #
1954 AD Shuji Nakamura #invention #Blue laser
1953 AD Ian Hector Frazer #invention #with Jian Zhou (1957-1999) - HPV vaccine against cervical cancer
1953 AD Bran Ferren #invention #Pinch-to-zoom (multi-touch), with Daniel Hillis
1953 AD Andrew John Wiles #math #
1953 AD Jimmy Hotz #invention #Hotz MIDI Translator, Atari Hotz Box
1953 AD Esther Takeuchi #invention #holds more than 150 US-patents the largest number for any woman in the United States
1953 AD C. W. Fuller #invention #Gilhoolie
1952 AD Roger Tsien #invention #discovery and development of green fluorescent protein
1952 AD Richard Lyon #invention #Optical mouse
1951 AD Paul Offit #invention #pentavalent Rotavirus vaccine (with Fred Clark and Stanley Plotkin)
1951 AD Simon Conway Morris #paleontology #
1951 AD Michael Hartley Freedman #math #
1951 AD Hon Lik #invention #electronic cigarette
1951 AD Dean Kamen #invention #Segway HT scooter, IBOT Mobility Device
1950 AD Ephraim Hertzano #invention #Rummikub
1950 AD Cecil Frank Powell #physics #
1950 AD Derek Briggs #paleontology, taphonomy #
1950 AD Alec John Jeffreys #invention, genetics, forensics #DNA profiling
1950 AD Ken Kutaragi #invention #PlayStation
1950 AD Gene Dolgoff #invention #LCD projector
1950 AD David Boggs #invention #co-invented Ethernet
1950 AD Digital Revolution #electronics #
1949 AD Ed Seymour #invention #Aerosol paint
1949 AD David Alexander Johnston #geology, volcanology #
1948 AD Alan Lightman #physics, astrophysics #
1948 AD Edward Lazear #personnel economics #
1948 AD Erik Trinkaus #paleoanthropology #
1948 AD Raymond Kurzweil #invention #Optical character recognition, flatbed scanner
1948 AD Mamoru Imura #invention #RFIQin (automatic cooking device)
1948 AD Gilles Saint-Hilaire #invention #Quasiturbine, Qurbine
1948 AD Charles Simonyi #invention #Hungarian notation
1948 AD Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius #chemistry #
1948 AD David Levy #astronomy #
1947 AD Gerd Binnig #invention #Atomic force microscope and Scanning tunneling microscope
1947 AD Ching Tang #invention #with Steven Van Slyke - organic light-emitting diode
1947 AD International Organization for Standardization* #standards #Open Systems Interconnection
1947 AD Michio Kaku #science writer #
1947 AD Edward Victor Appleton #physics #
1947 AD Temple Grandin #invention #the squeeze machine, humane abattoirs
1947 AD Robert Cailliau #invention #with Tim Berners-Lee - the World Wide Web
1947 AD James Dyson #invention #Dual Cyclone bagless vacuum cleaner, incorporating the principles of cyclonic separation
1947 AD Bryan Sykes #genetics #
1947 AD Alan Harvey Guth #cosmology, theoretical physics, particle physics #cosmic inflation
1947 AD Robert Robinson #chemistry #
1946 AD Adrian Smith #math, statistics #
1946 AD Percy Williams Bridgman #physics #
1946 AD Kees Schouhamer Immink #invention #Major contributor to development of Compact Disc
1946 AD Atomic Age #atomic physics #
1946 AD Steven Ostro #astronomy #
1945 AD Roland Moreno #invention #smart card
1945 AD Ian Tattersall #paleoanthropology #
1945 AD Wolfgang Pauli #math, physics, exclusion principle #
1945 AD Mitchell Feigenbaum #math, physics #
1945 AD Ward Christensen #invention #Bulletin board system
1945 AD Julio Palmaz #invention #balloon-expandable stent
1945 AD Gunther von Hagens #invention #whole body Plastination
1945 AD Andreas Pavel #invention #audio devices
1945 AD Artturi Ilmari Virtanen #chemistry #
1944 AD Erwin Neher #invention #with Bert Sakmann (1942) - Patch clamp technique
1944 AD Kary Mullis #invention, molecular biology #Polymerase chain reaction
1944 AD Arogyaswami Paulraj #invention #MIMO
1944 AD Michael Gratzel #invention #a.o. Dye-sensitized solar cell
1944 AD Isidor Isaac Rabi #physics #
1944 AD Richard Leakey #paleoanthropology #
1944 AD Erno Rubik #invention #Rubik's Cube, Rubik's Magic, Rubik's Clock
1944 AD Otto Hahn #chemistry #
1943 AD William Dobelle #invention #Dobelle Eye
1943 AD Vint Cerf #invention #with Bob Kahn (1938) - Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
1943 AD Toshitada Doi #invention #with Joop Sinjou - Compact disc
1943 AD Bernard de Neumann #invention #massively parallel self-configuring multi-processor
1943 AD Otto Stern #physics #
1943 AD Donald Johanson #paleoanthropology #
1943 AD Masatoshi Shima #invention #microprocessor
1943 AD Fujio Masuoka #invention #Flash memory
1943 AD George de Hevesy #chemistry #
1943 AD Jocelyn Bell Burnell #astrophysics #
1942 AD Rudolf Jaenisch #invention #first Genetically modified mouse
1942 AD Stephen Hawking #physics, cosmology #
1942 AD Meave Leakey #paleoanthropology #
1942 AD Charles Cantor #invention, molecular biology #Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
1942 AD Shunpei Yamazaki #invention #patents in a.o. computer science and solid-state physics
1942 AD Martin Rees #astronomy, astrophysics #
1942 AD Robert Sutton Harrington #astronomy #
1942 AD Colin Peter Groves #anthropology, biological anthropology #
1941 AD Martin John Evans #invention #Knockout mouse, Gene targeting
1941 AD John Lewis #planetary science #
1941 AD Stanley Mazor #invention #microprocessor
1941 AD Gunpei Yokoi #invention #Game Boy
1941 AD Federico Faggin #invention #microprocessor
1941 AD Stephen Jay Gould #evolutionary biology, paleontology #
1941 AD Richard Dawkins #ethology, evolutionary biology #
1941 AD Steven Stanley #biology, paleontology #
1940 AD Dmitri Garbuzov #invention #continuous-wave-operating diode lasers (with Zhores Alferov) - high-power diode lasers
1940 AD Edward Tryon #physics #
1940 AD Peter Atkins #physical chemistry #
1940 AD Kamoya Kimeu #paleoanthropology #
1940 AD Daniel Quillen #math #
1940 AD Muhammad Yunus #invention #microcredit, microfinance
1940 AD Lasse Hessel #invention #Female condom
1940 AD Daisuke Inoue #invention #Karaoke machine
1940 AD Walter Alvarez #geology #Alvarez hypothesis
1940 AD Terry Erwin #entomology #
1940 AD Jet Age #engineering, aviation #
1939 AD Nicolas Bourbaki #math #
1939 AD John Kingman #math, statistics, probability #
1939 AD Ernest Orlando Lawrence #invention, physics #cyclotron
1939 AD Chuck Hull #invention #3D printer
1939 AD Frederick Vine #geology, geophysics #
1939 AD Chandra Wickramasinghe #astrobiology, astronomy, mathematics #
1939 AD Alan Gordon Thorne #anthropology #
1938 AD Bradley Efron #math, statistics #
1938 AD Chandra Kumar Naranbhai Patel #invention #Carbon dioxide laser
1938 AD Bob Kahn #invention #with Vint Cerf (born 1943) - Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
1938 AD Enrico Fermi #physics #
1938 AD Alan Walker #paleontology #
1938 AD Edwin Southern #invention, molecular biology #Southern blot
1938 AD Gary Starkweather #invention #laser printer, color management
1938 AD David Mills #invention #a.o. Fuzzball router, Network Time Protocol
1938 AD Richard Kuhn #chemistry #
1938 AD James Walter Christy #astronomy #
1937 AD George Zweig #physics, particle physics #
1937 AD Trevor Baylis #invention #a wind-up radio
1937 AD Ted Nelson #invention #Hypertext, Hypermedia
1937 AD Ted Hoff #invention #microprocessor
1937 AD Robert Gore #invention #Gore-Tex
1937 AD Charles Henry #invention #Quantum well laser
1936 AD Herbert Boyer #invention #a.o. first Genetically modified organism
1936 AD Simon Sze #invention #with Dawon Kahng (1931-1992) Floating-gate MOSFET
1936 AD George Heilmeier #invention #liquid crystal display (LCD)
1936 AD Emmett Chapman #invention #Chapman Stick
1936 AD James Lawrence Powell #geology #
1936 AD Petrus (Peter) Josephus Wilhelmus Debye #chemistry #
1935 AD Tom Parry Jones #invention #first electronic Breathalyzer
1935 AD James Chadwick #physics #
1934 AD Thomas Fogarty #invention, medicine #Embolectomy catheter
1934 AD Robert Moog #invention #the Moog synthesizer
1934 AD James Fergason #invention #improved liquid crystal display
1934 AD Harold Clayton Urey #chemistry #
1934 AD Allan Charles Wilson #biology #
1934 AD Carl Sagan #astronomy, cosmology, extraterrestrial life #
1934 AD Niklaus Wirth #invention #Pascal (programming language)
1934 AD George Zames #systems theory, robust control #
1934 AD Jane Goodall #primatology, anthropology #
1933 AD Heinrich Rohrer #invention #with Gerd Binnig (1947) - Scanning tunneling microscope
1933 AD Yuri Oganessian #physics #
1933 AD Thomas Chang #invention #Artificial cell
1933 AD David Raup #paleontology, paleobiology #
1933 AD Oliver Sacks #neurology #
1933 AD Erwin Schrodinger, Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac #math, physics #
1933 AD Vladimir Syromyatnikov #invention #Androgynous Peripheral Attach System and other spacecraft docking mechanisms
1933 AD Ray Dolby #invention #Dolby noise-reduction system
1933 AD Alexander Coucoulas #invention #Thermosonic bonding
1933 AD Thomas Hunt Morgan #biology, evolutionary biology, genetics, embryology #
1932 AD Michael Smith #invention, molecular biology #Site-directed mutagenesis
1932 AD Ronald Price Hickman #invention #Lotus Elan, the Lotus Elan +2 and the Lotus Europa, the Black & Decker Workmate
1932 AD Robert Dennard #invention, computer_s #Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM)
1932 AD Yakir Aharonov #physics, quantum physics #
1932 AD John Cockcroft, Ernest Walton #physics #
1932 AD Werner Heisenberg #math, physics, quantum mechanics #
1932 AD Martin Rudwick #earth sciences #
1932 AD Irving Langmuir #chemistry, surface science, plasma physics #
1932 AD Neil Bartlett #chemistry #
1932 AD Helen Vaughn Michel #chemistry #
1932 AD Michael Hart #astrophysics #
1931 AD Dawon Kahng #invention #with Simon Sze (born 1936) -Taiwan/USA - Floating-gate MOSFET
1931 AD William Compston #physics, geophysics #
1931 AD Don Walsh #oceanography #
1931 AD John Willard Milnor #math, topology #
1931 AD Roger Penrose #math, physics, cosmology, topology, manifolds, twistor theory #
1931 AD Nikolay Popov #invention #first fully gas turbine main battle tank (T-80)
1931 AD Gerhard Sessler #invention #foil electret microphone, silicon microphone
1931 AD Arthur Fry #invention #Post-it note
1931 AD Drummond Matthews #geology, geophysics #
1930 AD Tu Youyou #invention #Artemisinin
1930 AD William Bennett #invention #with Ali Javan (1926) - Gas laser (Helium-Neon)
1930 AD Edsger Wybe Dijkstra #computer_s #operating systems development
1930 AD Stanley Miller #prebiotic chemistry #
1930 AD Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman #physics #
1930 AD Charles Loring Brace #physical anthropology, paleoanthropology #
1930 AD Spede Pasanen #invention #a.o. ski jumping sling, boat ski
1930 AD Hans Fischer #chemistry #
1930 AD Frank Drake #astronomy, astrophysics #
1929 AD John Mooney #invention #with Carl D. Keith (1920-2008) - three way catalytic converter
1929 AD Louis de Broglie #physics #
1929 AD Fazlur Khan #invention #structural systems for high-rise skyscrapers
1929 AD Colin Murdoch #invention #a.o. Tranquillizer gun, disposable hypodermic syringe
1929 AD Richard Lewontin #evolutionary biology #
1929 AD Arthur Harden, Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin #chemistry #
1929 AD Edward Osborne Wilson #biology #
1928 AD Joseph Kruskal #math, statistics, computer_s, psychometrics #
1928 AD Yoshiro Nakamatsu #invention #"PyonPyon" spring shoes, digital watch, CinemaScope, armchair "Cerebrex", sauce pump, taxicab meter
1928 AD Owen Willans Richardson #physics #
1928 AD Carl Woese #microbiology #
1928 AD Leonard Hayflick #medicine, microbiology #
1928 AD John Forbes Nash #math, economics #
1928 AD Joseph Gall #invention, cell biology #In situ hybridization
1928 AD Bruce Ames #invention, biology, cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry #Ames test
1928 AD Yves Klein #invention #International Klein Blue
1928 AD Nick Holonyak #invention #LED (Light Emitting Diode)
1928 AD Martin Cooper #invention #Mobile phone
1928 AD Eugene Merle Shoemaker #geology, planetary science #
1928 AD Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus #chemistry #
1927 AD Gerard O'Neill #invention, physics #Storage ring
1927 AD Marvin Minsky #invention, cognitive science, cybernetics, artificial intelligence #a.o. Confocal microscopy
1927 AD Yuri Trutnev #invention #co-developer of the Tsar Bomb
1927 AD Yuri Nikolaevich Denisyuk #invention #3D holography
1927 AD Theodore Maiman #invention #Laser, see also Gordon Gould
1927 AD Svyatoslav Fyodorov #invention #radial keratotomy
1927 AD Lewis Urry #invention #long-lasting alkaline battery
1927 AD Dudley Allen Buck #invention #a.o. Cryotron, content-addressable memory
1927 AD William Cropper #chemistry #
1927 AD Leslie Orgel #chemistry #
1927 AD Heinrich Otto Wieland #chemistry #
1927 AD Frank Asaro #chemistry #
1926 AD Donald Arthur Glaser #invention #Bubble chamber
1926 AD Ali Javan #invention #with William R. Bennett Jr. (1930-2008) - Gas laser (Helium-Neon)
1926 AD Jean Baptiste Perrin #physics #
1926 AD Thomas Starzl #organ transplantation #
1926 AD David Attenborough #natural history #
1926 AD Jun-Ichi Nishizawa #invention #Optical communication system, SIT/SITh (Static Induction Transistor/Thyristor), Laser diode, PIN diode
1926 AD Igor Spassky #invention #Sea Launch platform
1926 AD Igor Gorynin #invention #weldable titanium alloys, high strength aluminium alloys, radiation-hardened steels
1926 AD Guy Severin #invention #extra-vehicular activity supporting system
1926 AD Erna Schneider Hoover #invention #computerized telephone switching system
1926 AD Thomas Dale Brock #biology, microbiology #
1926 AD Allan Sandage #astronomy #
1925 AD Oliver Smithies #invention #a.o. knockout mouse, gene targeting
1925 AD Robert Edwards #invention #In vitro fertilisation
1925 AD Nikolay Brusentsov #invention, computer_s #ternary computer (Setun)
1925 AD Mordecai Meirowitz #invention #Mastermind (board game)
1925 AD Anthony Barringer #invention #INPUT (Induced Pulse Transient) airborne electromagnetic system
1925 AD David Albert Huffman #computer_s #Huffman coding
1925 AD Arthur Earl Bryson #optimal control theory #
1925 AD Erik Christopher Zeeman #math, topology, catastrophe theory #
1925 AD Stanislav Brebera #invention #Semtex explosive
1925 AD Michele Ferrero #invention #Kinder Surprise = Kinder Eggs, Nutella
1925 AD George Ballas #invention #String trimmer
1925 AD Gazi Yasargil #invention #Microneurosurgery
1925 AD Douglas Engelbart #invention #the computer mouse
1925 AD Alexei Tupolev #invention #the Tupolev Tu-144 (first supersonic passenger jet)
1925 AD Theodor Svedberg #chemistry #
1925 AD Tom Gehrels #astronomy, planetary science #
1924 AD Willard Boyle #invention #with George E. Smith (1930) - Charge-coupled device
1924 AD David Cox #math, statistics, probability #
1924 AD Bernard Silver #invention #with Norman Joseph Woodland (1921-2012) - Barcode
1924 AD Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn #physics #
1924 AD Benoit Mandelbrot #math, fractal geometry, computer_s #
1924 AD Michael James Lighthill #math, aeroacoustics #
1924 AD Victor Makeev #invention #first submarine-launched ballistic missile
1924 AD Humberto Fernandez Moran #invention #Diamond scalpel, Ultra microtome
1924 AD Huang Hongjia #invention #Single-mode optical fiber
1924 AD Bette Nesmith Graham #invention #Correction fluid, Liquid Paper
1924 AD Peter Safar #emergency medicine #
1924 AD Richard Adolf Zsigmondy #chemistry #
1923 AD Jack Kilby #invention, physics, electrical engineering #integrated circuit, handheld calculator, thermal printer
1923 AD Jerome Lemelson #invention #magnetic tape drive and more
1923 AD Calvin Quate #invention #with Gerd Binnig (1947) and Christoph Gerber - Atomic force microscope
1923 AD Robert Andrews Millikan #physics #
1923 AD Freeman Dyson #math, physics #
1923 AD Rene Thom #math #
1923 AD Stephanie Kwolek #invention #Kevlar
1923 AD Samuel Face #invention #concrete flatness/levelness technology, Lightning Switch
1923 AD Norman Gaylord #invention #rigid gas-permeable contact lens
1923 AD Norm Larsen #invention #a.o. WD-40
1923 AD Fritz Pregl #chemistry #
1922 AD Nicolay Gennadiyevich Basov #invention #co-inventor of laser and maser
1922 AD Niels Henrik David Bohr #physics #
1922 AD Leon Max Lederman #physics #
1922 AD Clifford Charles Butler #physics #
1922 AD Ralph Baer #invention #video game console
1922 AD Paul Winchell #invention #the artificial heart
1922 AD Marie Van Brittan Brown #invention #home security system
1922 AD Keith Runcorn #geophysics #
1922 AD Clair Patterson #geochemistry #
1922 AD Francis William Aston #chemistry #
1922 AD Gopalasamudram Narayanan Ramachandran #biophysics #
1922 AD James Bassham #biochemistry #
1921 AD Norman Joseph Woodland #invention #with Bernard Silver (1924-1963) - Barcode
1921 AD Albert Einstein #physical cosmology, relativity #
1921 AD Victor Almon McKusick #medical genetics #
1921 AD Richard Whitcomb #invention #Supercritical airfoil, Winglet
1921 AD Gavriil Ilizarov #invention #Ilizarov apparatus, external fixation, distraction osteogenesis
1921 AD Forrest Parry #invention #Magnetic stripe card
1921 AD Andrei Sakharov #invention #invented explosively pumped flux compression generator, co-developed the Tsar Bomb and tokamak
1921 AD Alexander Kemurdzhian #invention #first space exploration rover (Lunokhod)
1921 AD Lotfi Aliasker Zadeh #computer_s, fuzzy logic #
1921 AD Aaron Temkin Beck #cognitive therapy #
1921 AD Frederick Soddy #chemistry #
1920 AD Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao #math, statistics #
1920 AD Carl Keith #invention #with John J. Mooney (c. 1928) - three way catalytic converter
1920 AD Richard Ernest Bellman #computer_s, dynamic programming #
1920 AD Isaac Asimov #science fiction #
1920 AD Charles Edouard Guillaume #physics #
1920 AD Walther Hermann Nernst #physical chemistry #
1920 AD Walter Frederick Morrison #invention #Flying disc
1920 AD Nils Bohlin #invention #the three-point seat belt
1920 AD Nicholas McKay #invention #Lint roller
1920 AD Joseph Shivers #invention #Spandex
1920 AD John Higson Cover #invention #Taser
1920 AD Henry Heimlich #invention #Heimlich maneuver
1920 AD Hal Anger #invention #a.o. Well counter (radioactivity measurements), gamma camera
1920 AD Gordon Gould #invention #Laser, also Theodore Maiman
1920 AD Ed Lowe #invention #Cat litter
1920 AD Lawrence Morley #geophysics #
1920 AD Robert Whittaker #ecology #
1920 AD John Francis Richardson #chemical engineering #
1920 AD Rosalind Franklin #biology, genetics, molecular biology #
1920 AD Thomas Gold #astronomy, astrophysics #
1919 AD David Blackwell #math, statistics #
1919 AD Andrew Kay #invention #Digital voltmeter
1919 AD International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry* #standards #Inorganic Chemistry Division
1919 AD Johannes Stark #physics #
1919 AD John Presper Eckert #invention, computer_s #ENIAC - the first general purpose programmable digital computer
1919 AD Tracy Hall #invention #synthetic diamond
1919 AD Robert Hall #invention #a.o. Semiconductor laser
1919 AD Peter Petroff #invention #digital wrist watch, heart monitor, weather instruments
1919 AD Maurice Hilleman #invention #vaccines against childhood diseases
1919 AD Hubert Schlafly #invention #Teleprompter (Autocue)
1919 AD Boris Mamyrin #invention #reflectron (ion mirror)
1919 AD Artur Fischer #invention #fasteners including fischertechnik
1919 AD Reginald Sprigg #geology, oceanography #
1919 AD Fritz Haber #chemistry #
1919 AD International Astronomical Union #assignment of designations to celestial bodies #
1918 AD Frederick Sanger #invention #Sanger sequencing (DNA sequencing)
1918 AD Amos Edward Joel #invention, electrical engineering #
1918 AD Jay Wright Forrester #system dynamics #
1918 AD Max Planck #math, physics, thermodynamics, quantum mechanics #
1918 AD Leland Clark #invention, medicine #Clark electrode
1918 AD Mutsuo Sugiura #invention #Esophagogastroduodenoscope
1918 AD Gersh Budker #invention #electron cooling, co-inventor of collider
1918 AD Floyd Paxton #invention #a.o. Bread clip
1918 AD Robert Ettinger #cryonics #
1917 AD John Fenn #invention #Electrospray ionization
1917 AD Arthur C. Clarke #science fiction #
1917 AD Charles Glover Barkla #physics #
1917 AD Edward Norton Lorenz #math, chaos theory #
1917 AD Marion O'Brien Donovan #invention #Waterproof diaper
1917 AD Kerim Kerimov #invention #co-developer of human spaceflight, space dock, space station
1917 AD Harry Coover #invention #Super Glue
1917 AD Edgar Villchur #invention #a.o. Acoustic suspension (loudspeaker)
1917 AD Harrison Brown #chemistry, meteorology, geochemistry #
1917 AD Andrew Benson #biochemistry #
1917 AD Leonid Brekhovskikh #acoustical oceanography #
1916 AD Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov #invention #co-inventor of laser and maser
1916 AD Rostislav Alexeyev #invention #Ekranoplan
1916 AD Robert Henry Dicke #physics, astrophysics, cosmology #
1916 AD Harry Blackmore Whittington #paleontology #
1916 AD Claude Shannon #math, engineering, cryptography, information theory #
1916 AD Paul Halmos #math #
1916 AD William Brown #invention #Crossed-field amplifier
1916 AD Ruth Handler #invention #Barbie doll
1916 AD Ruth Benerito #invention #a.o. Permanent press (no-iron clothing)
1916 AD Pehr Victor Edman #invention #Edman degradation for Protein sequencing
1916 AD Nikolai Lebedenko #invention #Tsar Tank the largest armored vehicle in history
1916 AD Frank Pantridge #emergency medicine #Portable defibrillator
1916 AD Peter Danckwerts #chemical engineering #
1915 AD John Wilder Tukey #math, statistics, topology #
1915 AD Sam Golden #invention #with Leonard Bocour (1910-1993) - Acrylic paint
1915 AD William Henry Bragg, William Lawrence Bragg #physics, x-ray crystallography #
1915 AD Richard Hamming #invention #Hamming code
1915 AD Les Paul #invention #multitrack recording
1915 AD Hugh Bradner #invention #Wetsuit
1915 AD Eugene Polley #invention #wireless remote control (with Robert Adler)
1915 AD Fred Hoyle #cosmology #
1915 AD Richard Martin Willstatter #chemistry #
1914 AD Dimitar Paskov #invention #Galantamine
1914 AD Jack LaLanne #fitness #
1914 AD Theodore William Richards #chemistry #
1914 AD Bernard Vonnegut #invention #with Henry Chessin and Richard E. Passarelli Jr. - a.o. Cloud seeding by silver iodide
1914 AD Alexander Nadiradze #invention #first mobile ICBM (RT-21 Temp 2S), first reliable mobile ICBM (RT-2PM Topol)
1914 AD Max von Laue #physics #
1914 AD Allyn Vine #oceanography #
1914 AD Jonas Salk #medicine, virology #injection Polio vaccine
1914 AD James Van Allen #magnetospheric physics #
1914 AD Lyman Spitzer #invention, physics #Stellarator
1914 AD Vladimir Chelomey #invention #first space station (Salyut)
1914 AD Samuel Alderson #invention #Crash test dummy
1914 AD Norman Holter #invention #Holter monitor
1914 AD Gyula Takatsy #invention #first Microtiter plate
1914 AD Evgeny Murzin #invention #ANS synthesizer
1913 AD Georgy Flyorov #physics #
1913 AD Paul Erdos #math, number theory, combinatorics, probability, set theory, analysis #
1913 AD Alfred North Whitehead, Bertrand Russell #math #
1913 AD Edward Abraham #invention, biochemistry #cephalosporin
1913 AD Heike Kamerlingh Onnes #physics #
1913 AD Mary Leakey #paleoanthropology #
1913 AD Otto Schmitt #invention, electronics #Schmitt trigger
1913 AD Wallace Coulter #invention #Coulter principle
1913 AD Paul Fisher #invention #Space Pen
1913 AD Otto Wichterle #invention #soft contact lens
1913 AD Hedy Lamarr #invention #Spread spectrum radio
1913 AD Alfred Werner #chemistry #
1912 AD Ralph Belknap Baldwin #planetary science #
1912 AD Nils Gustaf Dalen #physics #
1912 AD Milton Friedman #monetary economics #
1912 AD Alan Turing #logic, math, computer_s, cryptanalysis, biology #
1912 AD Albert Coons #invention, microscopy #Immunofluorescence
1912 AD Mary Beatrice Davidson Kenner #invention #sanitary belt
1912 AD Gilmore Schjeldahl #invention #Airsickness bag
1912 AD Francis Rogallo #invention #Rogallo wing
1912 AD Wernher von Braun #aerospace engineering #
1911 AD Mstislav Keldysh #invention #co-developer of Sputnik 1
1911 AD Wilhelm Wien #physics #
1911 AD Caleb Gattegno #math #
1911 AD Willem Johan Kolff #invention #artificial kidney hemodialysis machine
1911 AD Fe del Mundo #invention #non-electric incubator
1911 AD Alfred William Gallagher #invention #electric fence for farmers
1911 AD Marie Curie #chemistry #
1911 AD Carl Keenan Seyfert #astronomy #
1910 AD William Bradford Shockley #invention #co-inventor of transistor
1910 AD Konrad Zuse #invention, computer_s #first programmable general-purpose computer (Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4)
1910 AD William Hayward Pickering #space exploration, engineering, aeronautics #
1910 AD Johannes Diderik van der Waals #physics, theoretical physics, thermodynamics #
1910 AD Roy Plunkett #invention #Teflon
1910 AD Momofuku Ando #invention #Instant noodles
1910 AD Jacques Cousteau #invention #co-inventor of the aqualung and the Nikonos underwater camera
1910 AD Jacob Rabinow #invention #a.o. Magnetic particle clutch, various Phonograph-related patents
1910 AD Georgy Gause #invention #gramicidin S, neomycin, lincomycin, other antibiotics
1910 AD Christopher Cockerell #invention #Hovercraft
1910 AD Otto Wallach #chemistry #
1910 AD Ejnar Hertzsprung, Henry Norris Russell #astronomy #
1909 AD Mikhail Mil #invention #Mi-series helicopter aircraft
1909 AD Wilhelm Ostwald #chemistry #
1909 AD Marguerite Perey #physics #actinium k
1909 AD Stanislaw Ulam #math, physics, nuclear fusion #
1909 AD Virginia Apgar #invention, anesthesiology, teratology, neonatology #Apgar score
1909 AD Walton Musser #invention #Harmonic drive gear
1909 AD Vladimir Barmin #invention #first rocket launch complex (spaceport)
1909 AD Rudolf Kompfner #invention #Traveling-wave tube
1909 AD Gustav Guanella #invention #DSSS, Guanella-Balun
1909 AD Gleb Lozino-Lozinskiy #invention #Buran (spacecraft), Spiral project
1909 AD Erhard Kietz #invention #signal improvements for video transmissions
1909 AD Edwin Land #invention #Polaroid polarizing filters and the Land Camera
1909 AD Sonia Bleeker #anthropology #
1908 AD John Bardeen #invention #co-inventor of the transistor
1908 AD Willard Frank Libby #invention #radiocarbon dating
1908 AD Valentyn Glushko #invention #hypergolic propellant, electric propulsion
1908 AD Min Chueh Chang #invention #with Gregory Goodwin Pincus (1903-1967) Combined oral contraceptive pill
1908 AD Lucio Bini #invention #with Ugo Cerletti 1877-1963 Electroconvulsive therapy
1908 AD Karl-Hermann Geib #invention #Girdler sulfide process
1908 AD Ernest Rutherford #physics, chemistry #
1908 AD George Rochester #physics #
1908 AD Gabriel Lippmann #physics #
1908 AD Edward Teller #invention, physics, theoretical physics #hydrogen bomb
1908 AD Raymond Scott #invention #inventor and developer of electronic music technology
1908 AD Arkhip Lyulka #invention #first double jet turbofan engine, Soviet aircraft engines
1907 AD Nikolai Nikitin #invention #prestressed concrete with wire ropes structure, Nikitin-Travush 4000 project
1907 AD Albert Abraham Michelson #physics #
1907 AD Maurice Kendall #math, statistics #
1907 AD John Mauchly #invention, computer_s #ENIAC - first general purpose programmable digital computer
1907 AD Sergey Korolyov #invention #co-developer of Sputnik 1 (the first artificial satellite) with Korolyov and Tikhonravov
1907 AD Paul Eisler #invention #Printed circuit board (electronics)
1907 AD Edward Bullard #physics, geophysics #
1907 AD Erik Jarvik #paleontology #
1907 AD Lars Ahlfors #math, complex analysis #
1907 AD Robert Anson Heinlein #invention, science fiction #waterbed
1907 AD Yevgeny Zavoisky #invention #EPR spectroscopy, co-developer of NMR spectroscopy
1907 AD Vladimir Veksler #invention #synchrophasotron, co-inventor of synchrotron
1907 AD Sidney Rosenthal #invention #Magic Marker
1907 AD George de Mestral #invention #Velcro
1907 AD Frank Whittle #invention #co-inventor of the jet engine
1907 AD Eduard Buchner #chemistry #
1907 AD Hallam Movius #archaeology #
1906 AD Ernst Ruska #invention #electron microscope
1906 AD Earl Bascom #invention #rodeo bucking chute, rodeo bronc saddle, rodeo bareback rigging, rodeo riding chaps
1906 AD Bruno de Finetti #math, statistics #
1906 AD Reynold Johnson #invention, computer_s #Hard disk drive
1906 AD Ivan Knunyants #invention #capron, Nylon 6, polyamide-6
1906 AD International Electrotechnical Commission* #standards #electrotechnology
1906 AD Joseph John Thomson #physics #
1906 AD Kurt Godel #logic, math #
1906 AD Grace Murray Hopper #invention, computer_s #Compiler
1906 AD Vitaly Abalakov #invention #camming devices, Abalakov thread (or V-thread) gearless ice climbing anchor
1906 AD Vincent Joseph Schaefer #invention #a.o. Cloud seeding by dry ice
1906 AD Victor Hasselblad #invention #invented the 6 x 6 cm single-lens reflex camera
1906 AD Rune Elmqvist #invention #implantable pacemaker
1906 AD Philo Farnsworth #invention #a.o. electronic television
1906 AD Peter Carl Goldmark #invention #vinyl record (LP), CBS color television
1906 AD John Haven Emerson #invention #iron lung
1906 AD Chester Carlson #invention #Xerographic copier
1906 AD Benjamin Eisenstadt #invention #a.o. Sugar packet
1906 AD Anatoly Kharlampiev #invention #Sambo (martial art)
1906 AD Alexander Yakovlev #invention #Yak-series aircraft, including Yakovlev Yak-40 (the first regional jet)
1906 AD Albert Hofmann #invention #LSD
1906 AD Albert Bruce Sabin #invention #oral Polio vaccine
1906 AD Harry Hammond Hess #geology #
1906 AD Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen #evolutionary economics, ecological economics, thermoeconomics, bioeconomics #
1906 AD Henri Moissan #chemistry #
1906 AD Camillo Golgi, Santiago Ramon y Cajal #biology, neuroscience, pathology #
1906 AD Clyde Tombaugh #astronomy, ufology #
1905 AD Karl Guthe Jansky #invention, physics, radio astronomy #radio telescope
1905 AD Walter Zapp #invention #Minox (subminiature camera)
1905 AD Gerard Kuiper #planetary science #
1905 AD Louis Harold Gray #physics, radiobiology #
1905 AD Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard #physics #
1905 AD Tommy Flowers #invention #Colossus an early electronic computer
1905 AD Robert Swanson #invention #Invented and developed the first multi-chime air horn for use with diesel locomotives
1905 AD Ri Sung-gi #invention #Vinylon
1905 AD Arthur Young #invention #the Bell Helicopter
1905 AD John Henry Rushton #chemistry #
1905 AD Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer #chemistry #
1905 AD Erwin Chargaff #biochemistry #
1905 AD Hans Freudenthal #algebraic topology #
1904 AD Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov #invention #Cherenkov detector
1904 AD Gyorgy Gomori #invention, histology #Gymori trichrome stain, Gymori methenamine silver stain
1904 AD George Gamow #physics, cosmology #
1904 AD Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt) #physics, chemistry #
1904 AD Louis Eugene Felix Neel #physics #
1904 AD Julius Robert Oppenheimer #invention, physics, theoretical physics #atomic bomb
1904 AD Yulii Khariton #invention #chief designer of the Soviet atomic bomb, co-developer of the Tsar Bomb
1904 AD Mark Serrurier #invention #Serrurier truss for Optical telescopes
1904 AD Burrhus Frederic Skinner #invention #Operant conditioning chamber
1904 AD Alexey Dushkin #invention #deep column station
1904 AD Alexander Morozov #invention #T-54/55 (the most produced tank in history), co-developer of T-34
1904 AD Charles Hutchins Hapgood #earth science #
1904 AD William Ramsay #chemistry #
1904 AD Ernst Mayr #biology, biological systematics, evolutionary biology, ornithology #
1904 AD Carleton Stevens Coon #anthropology #
1903 AD Giulio Natta #invention #with Karl Ziegler (1898-1973) - Ziegler-Natta catalyst
1903 AD Andrei Nikolaevich Kolmogorov #math, probability #
1903 AD John Vincent Atanasoff #invention #digital computer
1903 AD Gregory Goodwin Pincus #invention #with Min Chueh Chang (1908-1991) - Combined oral contraceptive pill
1903 AD Antoine Henri Becquerel, Pierre Curie, Marie Curie #physics #
1903 AD Louis Leakey #paleoanthropology #
1903 AD George Evelyn Hutchinson #limnology #
1903 AD John Von Neumann #invention, math, computer_s #Von Neumann computer architecture
1903 AD Wright brothers #invention #Orville (1871-1948) and Wilbur (1867-1912) powered airplane
1903 AD Ruth Graves Wakefield #invention #chocolate chip cookie
1903 AD Oleg Losev #invention #light-emitting diode, crystadine
1903 AD John Heysham Gibbon #invention #Heart-lung machine
1903 AD Igor Kurchatov #invention #first nuclear power plant, first nuclear reactors for submarines and surface ships
1903 AD Franc Trkman #invention #electrical switches, accessories for opening windows
1903 AD Charlie Booth #invention #Starting blocks
1903 AD Charles Brannock #invention #Brannock Device (shoe size)
1903 AD Alan Blumlein #invention #stereo
1903 AD Adolph Giesl-Gieslingen #invention #Giesl ejector
1903 AD Kathleen Lonsdale #crystallography #
1903 AD Svante August Arrhenius #chemistry #
1902 AD Walter Houser Brattain #invention #co-inventor of the transistor
1902 AD Frank Yates #math, statistics #
1902 AD Charles Krum #invention, telegraphy #teleprinter, teletype
1902 AD Ivan Plotnikov #invention #kirza leather
1902 AD Charles Lindbergh #invention #organ perfusion pump
1902 AD Alec Reeves #invention #Pulse-code modulation
1902 AD Karl Popper #science #
1902 AD Fritz Strassmann #physics, chemistry #
1902 AD Gustav Heinrich Ralph von Koenigswald #paleontology, geology #
1902 AD George Simpson #paleontology #
1902 AD Nikolay Kamov #invention #armored battle autogyro, Ka-series coaxial rotor helicopters
1902 AD Evgeniy Chertovsky #invention #pressure suit
1902 AD Hermann Emil Fischer #chemistry #
1902 AD Arne Tiselius #biochemistry #
1901 AD Boris Grabovsky #invention #cathode commutator
1901 AD Enrico Fermi #invention #nuclear reactor
1901 AD Ub Iwerks #invention #Multiplane camera for animation
1901 AD Rudolf Hell #invention #Hellschreiber
1901 AD Frank Zamboni #invention #Ice resurfacer
1901 AD Alexandre Alexeieff #invention #Pinscreen animation (with his wife Claire Parker)
1901 AD Arthur Samuel #computer_s, machine learning #
1901 AD Emil Adolf von Behring #physiology, medicine #
1901 AD Wilhelm Roentgen #physics, mechanical engineering #
1901 AD Robert Jemison Van de Graaff #physics, engineering #
1901 AD Edward Armand Guggenheim #modern chemical thermodynamics #
1901 AD Semyon Aranovich Gershgorin #math #
1901 AD Tullio Campagnolo #invention #Quick release skewer
1901 AD Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff #chemistry #
1901 AD Henry Eyring #chemistry #
1900 AD Dennis Gabor #invention #holography
1900 AD Mikhail Tikhonravov #invention #co-developer of Sputnik 1
1900 AD William Edwards Deming #math, statistics #
1900 AD Ivan Fyodorovich | Nazar Fyodorovich (Lisitsyn brothers) #invention #samovar
1900 AD Hub van Doorne #invention #Variomatic
1900 AD Bernard Tellegen #invention #pentode
1900 AD Arnold Beckman #invention #electric pH meter
1900 AD Alexander Smakula #invention #anti-reflective coating
1900 AD Howard Aiken #computer_s #first electro-mechanical computer
1900 AD Haskell Curry #math, combinatory logic #
1900 AD Mary Cartwright #math, chaos theory #
1900 AD Charles Francis Richter #invention, physics, seismology #Richter magnitude scale
1900 AD Semyon Lavochkin #invention #La-series aircraft, first operational surface-to-air missile S-25 Berkut
1900 AD Hyman George Rickover #invention #Nuclear submarine
1900 AD Alfred Mirsky #biology, molecular biology #
1900 AD Theodosius Dobzhansky #biology, genetics, evolutionary biology, modern synthesis #
1900 AD Charles Sutherland Elton #biology, animal ecology, zoology #
1900 AD Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin #astronomy, astrophysics #
1899 AD Gustav Tauschek #invention, computer_s #Drum memory
1899 AD Stephen Perry #invention #rubber band
1899 AD Richard Drew #invention #Masking tape
1899 AD Gerhard Fischer #invention #hand-held metal detector
1899 AD Charles Best #medicine #
1899 AD Norbert Wiener #logic, math, cybernetics #
1899 AD Percy Lavon Julian #invention #chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants
1899 AD Laszlo Biro #invention #Ballpoint pen
1899 AD Georgii Karpechenko #invention #rabbage (the first ever non-sterile hybrid obtained through the crossbreeding)
1899 AD Thomas Chilton #chemical engineering #
1899 AD George Otto Gey #biology, cell biology #
1898 AD Karl Ziegler #invention #with Giulio Natta (1903-1979) Ziegler-Natta catalyst
1898 AD Rachel Fuller Brown #invention #Nystatin
1898 AD Leo Szilard #invention #Co-developed the atomic bomb, patented the nuclear reactor, catalyst of the Manhattan Project
1898 AD Katharine Blodgett #invention #nonreflective glass
1898 AD Hubertus Strughold #space medicine #
1898 AD Mikhail Koshkin #invention #T-34 medium tank, the best and most produced tank of World War II
1898 AD Baltzar von Platen #invention #gas absorption refrigerator
1898 AD Clive McCay #biochemistry, nutrition, gerontology #
1898 AD Fritz Zwicky #astronomy #
1897 AD Tadeus Reichstein #invention #Reichstein process (industrial vitamin C synthesis)
1897 AD Kalman Tihanyi #invention #co-inventor of cathode ray tube and iconoscope, night vision electronic camera for anti-aircraft defense
1897 AD Charles Bliss #invention #Blissymbols
1897 AD Jesse Douglas #math #
1897 AD Tang Zhongming #invention #internal combustion engine powered by charcoal
1896 AD Anastase Dragomir #invention #Ejection seat
1896 AD Leonid Andrussov #chemical engineering #
1896 AD Wallace Carothers #invention, chemistry, organic chemistry #Nylon and Neoprene, with Arnold Collins
1896 AD Leon Theremin #invention #theremin, interlace, burglar alarm, terpsitone, Rhythmicon (first drum machine), The Thing (listening device)
1896 AD Georgi Nadjakov #invention #photoelectret
1896 AD Dmitri Dmitrievich Maksutov #invention #Maksutov telescope
1896 AD Andreas Stihl #invention #Electric chain saw
1896 AD Leslie Groves #physics, theoretical physics #
1896 AD Rolf Maximilian Sievert #physics #
1896 AD Marjorie Joyner #invention #Permanent wave machine
1896 AD Assen Jordanoff #invention #airbag
1895 AD Artturi Ilmari Virtanen #invention #a.o. AIV fodder
1895 AD Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm #invention #co-developer of tokamak
1895 AD Egon Pearson #math, statistics #
1895 AD Lin Yutang #invention #Chinese language typewriter
1895 AD Juan de la Cierva #invention #the autogyro
1895 AD Buckminster Fuller #invention #geodesic dome
1895 AD Alfred Traeger #invention #Pedal radio
1895 AD Jules Montenier #invention #Anti-perspirant deodorant
1895 AD Alexander Mikulin #invention #Mikulin AM-34 and other Soviet aircraft engines, co-developer of the Tsar Tank
1894 AD Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa #invention #first ultrastrong magnetic field creating techniques, basic low-temperature physics inventions
1894 AD Jerzy Neyman #math, statistics #
1894 AD Marcel Kiepach #invention #dynamo, maritime compass that indicates north regardless of the presence of iron or magnetic forces
1894 AD Alexander Procofieff de Seversky #invention #first gyroscopically stabilized bombsight, ionocraft, also developed air-to-air refueling
1894 AD Hermann Oberth #spaceflight, rocketry #
1894 AD Satyendra Nath Bose #quantum mechanics #
1894 AD Percy Spencer #invention #microwave oven
1894 AD Konstantin Khrenov #invention #underwater welding
1894 AD Konosuke Matsushita #invention #a.o. battery-powered Bicycle lighting
1894 AD Anatol Josepho #invention #patented the first coin-operated photo booth called the "Photomaton" in 1925
1894 AD Alfred Kinsey #biology #
1894 AD Georges Lemaitre #astronomy #
1893 AD Tokushichi Mishima #invention #MKM magnetic steel
1893 AD Pavel Molchanov #invention #Radiosonde
1893 AD Ernst Opik #astronomy, astrophysics #
1893 AD Walter Baade #astronomy #
1893 AD Raymond Dart #anatomy, paleoanthropology #
1892 AD Frank Wilcoxon #math, statistics #
1892 AD Carlo Emilio Bonferroni #math, statistics #
1892 AD Robert Watson-Watt #invention #microwave radar
1892 AD Giorgi Eliava #invention #with Felix d'Herelle (1873-1949) - Phage therapy
1892 AD John Burdon Sanderson Haldane #biology, biostatistics #
1892 AD Nikolai Polikarpov #invention #Po-series aircraft, including Polikarpov Po-2 Kukuruznik (world's most produced biplane)
1892 AD Aleksandr Porokhovschikov #invention #Vezdekhod (the first prototype tank, or tankette, and the first caterpillar amphibious ATV)
1892 AD James Collip #biochemistry #
1891 AD Harold Jeffreys #math, probability, calculus, astronomy #
1891 AD Sam Born #invention #lollipop-making machine
1891 AD Ole Kirk Christiansen #invention #Lego
1891 AD Nicolas Florine #invention #tandem rotor helicopter
1891 AD Vladimir Petlyakov #invention #heavy bomber
1891 AD Sergei Yudin #invention #cadaveric blood transfusion and other medical operations
1891 AD Corradino D'Ascanio #invention #Vespa scooter
1891 AD Boris Stechkin #invention #co-developer of Sikorsky Ilya Muromets and Tsar Tank, developer of Soviet heat and aircraft engines
1891 AD Alberto Gianni #invention #Torretta butoscopica
1890 AD Ronald Aylmer Fisher #statistics, genetics #
1890 AD Aurel Persu #invention #first aerodynamic car, aluminum body with wheels included under the body
1890 AD Arthur Holmes #geology #
1889 AD Roger Adams #organic chemistry #
1889 AD Igor Sikorsky #invention #aircraft
1889 AD William Justin Kroll #invention #Kroll process
1889 AD Olivia Poole #invention #Jolly Jumper baby harness
1889 AD Hans Tropsch #invention #with Franz Joseph Emil Fischer (1877-1947) Fischer-Tropsch process (refinery process)
1889 AD Beno Gutenberg #seismology #
1889 AD Edwin Hubble #physical cosmology #
1889 AD William Howard Livens #invention #chemical warfare, Livens Projector
1889 AD Vera Mukhina #invention #welded sculpture
1889 AD Thor Bjorklund #invention #Cheese slicer
1889 AD Thomas Midgley #chemical engineering #
1888 AD Frits Zernike #invention, physics #Phase contrast microscope
1888 AD Inge Lehmann #geophysics, seismology #
1888 AD Robert Gilmour LeTourneau #invention #electric wheel drive, mobile drilling platform, bulldozer, cable control unit for scrapers
1888 AD John Hays Hammond #invention, mining engineering #radio control
1888 AD Vladimir Zworykin #invention, engineering, television, electron microscope #Iconoscope, kinescope
1888 AD John Logie Baird #invention, engineering #an electromechanical television, electronic colour television
1888 AD Vladimir Baranov-Rossine #invention #Optophonic Piano
1888 AD Nestor Makhno #invention #tachanka
1888 AD Anders Knutsson Angstrom #invention #Pyranometer
1888 AD Victor Goldschmidt #geochemistry #
1888 AD Merle Randall #modern chemical thermodynamics #
1888 AD Andrei Tupolev #invention #turboprop powered long-range airliner (Tupolev Tu-114), turboprop strategic bomber (Tupolev Tu-95)
1887 AD George Polya #physics, geometry, complex analysis, combinatorics, probability #
1887 AD Eric Tigerstedt #invention #Sound-on-film, triode vacuum tube
1887 AD Barnes Wallis #invention #bouncing bomb
1887 AD Henry Moseley #physics #
1887 AD Srinivasa Ramanujan #math #
1887 AD Beulah Louise Henry #invention #bobbin-free sewing machine, vacuum ice cream freezer
1886 AD Ida Rosenthal #invention #Bra (Maidenform), standard of cup sizes, nursing bra, full-figured bra, first seamed uplift bra
1886 AD Adolph Rickenbacker #invention, electrical engineering #Electric guitar
1886 AD Hidetsugu Yagi #invention #with Shintaro Uda (1896-1976) - Yagi-Uda antenna
1886 AD Henri Marie Coanda #invention #Coanda effect
1886 AD Clarence Birdseye #invention #Flash freezing
1885 AD George de Hevesy #invention #radioactive tracer
1885 AD Vladimir Yourkevitch #invention #ship hull design
1885 AD Jan Czochralski #invention #Czochralski process (crystal growth)
1885 AD Niels Bohr #physics #
1885 AD Camille Arambourg #paleontology #
1885 AD John Edensor Littlewood #math #
1884 AD Theodor Svedberg #invention #Analytical ultracentrifuge
1884 AD Friedrich Bergius #invention #Bergius process (synthetic fuel from coal)
1884 AD Jean Piccard #invention, chemistry, engineering, aeronautics #
1884 AD Auguste Piccard #invention, physics #Bathyscaphe
1884 AD Robert Feulgen #invention, histology #Feulgen stain
1883 AD Nathaniel Brackett Wales #invention #
1883 AD Georgios Papanikolaou #invention, cytopathology #Papanicolaou stain, Pap test (Pap smear)
1883 AD John Maynard Keynes #macroeconomics #
1883 AD Julius Fromm #invention #first seamless Condom
1882 AD Max Born #math, statistics, theoretical physics, quantum mechanics #
1882 AD Hans Geiger #invention, math, physics #Geiger counter
1882 AD Ladislas Starevich #invention #puppet animation, live-action/animated film
1882 AD Archibald Low #invention #Pioneer of radio guidance systems
1882 AD Harold Gillies #otorhinolaryngology #
1882 AD Arthur Eddington #math, physics, astronomy, astrophysics #
1882 AD Amalie Emmy Noether #math, modern algebra #groundbreaking contributions to abstract algebra and theoretical physics, Noether's Theorem
1882 AD Robert Hutchings Goddard #invention, physics, engineering, spaceflight #liquid fuel rocket
1882 AD Kyota Sugimoto #invention #Japanese language typewriter
1881 AD Alexander Fleming #invention #Penicillin
1881 AD Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer #math, modern topology #
1881 AD George Constantinescu #invention, engineering, continuum mechanics #theory of sonics
1881 AD Arturo Caprotti #invention, engineering #Caprotti valve gear
1881 AD Fritz Pfleumer #invention #magnetic tape
1881 AD Theodore von Karman #math, physics, aeronautics, astronautics #
1880 AD Fritz Klatte #invention #vinyl chloride, forerunner to polyvinyl chloride
1880 AD Alfred Wegener #geophysics, meteorolgy, plate tectonics #
1879 AD Milutin Milankovic #math, astronomy, geophysics #
1879 AD Wilhelm Schlenk #invention, chemistry #Schlenk flask
1879 AD Hovannes Adamian #invention #tricolor principle of the color television
1879 AD Bernhard Schmidt #invention #Schmidt camera
1879 AD Adolphe Kegresse #invention #Kegresse track (first half-track and first off-road vehicle with continuous track), dual clutch transmission
1879 AD Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted #physical chemistry #
1879 AD Alfred Bertheim #chemistry #
1878 AD Lise Meitner #physics, radioactivity #
1878 AD Ryoichi Yazu #invention #Yazu Arithmometer
1878 AD Myra Juliet Farrell #invention #stitchless button, Press stud
1878 AD Iwan Serrurier #invention #Moviola for film editing
1878 AD Norman Wilkinson #invention #Dazzle camouflage
1878 AD Christian Schnabel #invention #simplistic food cutleries
1877 AD Ugo Cerletti #invention #with Lucio Bini (1908-1964) - Electroconvulsive therapy
1877 AD Garrett Morgan #invention #smoke hood
1877 AD William Beebe #natural history #
1877 AD Oswald Avery #molecular biology #
1877 AD Godfrey Harold Hardy #math #
1877 AD Ole Evinrude #invention #outboard motor
1877 AD Franz Joseph Emil Fischer #invention #Fischer-Tropsch process (refinery process), Fischer assay (oil yield test)
1877 AD Charles Mantoux #invention #Mantoux test (tuberculosis)
1877 AD Bela Schick #invention #diphtheria test
1876 AD William Sealy Gosset #math, statistics #
1876 AD Yury Lomonosov #invention #first successful mainline diesel locomotive
1876 AD Vasily Zvyozdochkin #invention #with Sergey Malyutin, matryoshka doll
1876 AD Miller Reese Hutchison #invention #a.o. Klaxon, electric hearing aid
1876 AD Charles Kettering #invention #invented automobile self-starter ignition, Freon ethyl gasoline
1875 AD James Stuart Blackton #invention #Stop-motion film
1875 AD Gavriil Adrianovich Tikhov #invention #feathering spectrograph
1875 AD The General Conference on Weights and Measures* #standards #The International System of Units
1875 AD Gilbert Lewis #physical chemistry, modern chemical thermodynamics #
1875 AD Henri-Leon Lebesgue #math, integration #
1875 AD Ludwig Prandtl #math, engineering, aerodynamics #
1875 AD Leonid Gobyato #invention #man-portable mortar
1875 AD Henry Crampton #evolutionary biology, zoology, genetics #
1875 AD Vesto Slipher #astronomy #
1874 AD Guglielmo Marconi #invention #radio telegraphy
1874 AD Nikolai Korotkov #invention #auscultatory technique for blood pressure measurement
1874 AD Harry Houdini #invention #Flight Time Illusion
1874 AD Sergei Lebedev #invention #commercially viable synthetic rubber
1874 AD Henry Shoemaker Conard #botany, bryology #
1873 AD Felix d'Herelle #invention, microbiology #with Giorgi Eliava (1892-1937) - Phage therapy
1873 AD Lee DeForest #invention, electronic engineering #Phonofilm, triode
1873 AD Hans Berger #invention #first human EEG and its development
1873 AD Karl Schwarzschild #physics, astronomy #
1873 AD Melitta Bentz #invention #paper Coffee filter
1873 AD Karl Jatho #invention #aeroplane
1873 AD John Thompson Dorrance #invention #Condensed soup
1873 AD Alberto Santos-Dumont #invention #non-rigid airship and airplane
1873 AD World Meteorological Organization #geostationary satellite #
1873 AD Barnum Brown #biology, paleontology #
1872 AD Mikhail Tsvet #invention #adsorption chromatography
1872 AD Solomon Carter Fuller #invention, neuropathology, microscopy #photomicrograph
1872 AD Karl Nessler #invention #a.o. Permanent wave machine, artificial eyebrows
1872 AD Jacques Brandenberger #invention #Cellophane
1872 AD Hermann Anschutz-Kaempfe #invention #Gyrocompass
1872 AD Gleb Kotelnikov #invention #knapsack parachute, drogue parachute
1871 AD Emile Borel #math, measure theory, probability #
1871 AD Slavoljub Eduard Penkala #invention #mechanical pencil
1871 AD Pyotr Shilovsky #invention #gyrocar
1871 AD Arthur Pitney #invention #postage meter
1871 AD Ernst Zermelo #logic, math #
1871 AD Reginald Aldworth Daly #geology #
1870 AD Kotaro Honda #invention, physics #KS steel, NKS steel
1870 AD Anthony Michell #invention, mechanical engineering #tilting pad thrust bearing, crankless engine
1870 AD Ross Granville Harrison #invention, biology, anatomy #first successful animal Tissue culture, Cell culture
1870 AD Wilhelm Normann #invention #Hydrogenation of fats
1870 AD Helge von Koch #math, fractals #
1870 AD Georges Claude #chemistry #neon lamp
1869 AD Nils Gustaf Dalen #invention #AGA cooker, Dalen light, Agamassan, Sun valve for lighthouses and buoys
1869 AD Charles Thomson Rees Wilson #invention #Cloud chamber
1869 AD Valdemar Poulsen #invention #magnetic wire recorder, arc converter
1869 AD Shintaro Uda #invention #with Hidetsugu Yagi (1886-1976) - Yagi-Uda antenna
1869 AD Georges Lakhovsky #invention #Multiple Wave Oscillator
1869 AD Boris Rosing #invention #CRT television (first television system using CRT on the receiving side)
1869 AD Harvey Cushing #neurosurgery #
1869 AD Max Bielschowsky #invention, histology #Bielschowsky stain
1869 AD James Homer Wright #invention, histology #Wright's stain
1869 AD Annie Malone #invention #Cosmetics for African American women
1868 AD Fritz Haber #invention, ammonia synthesis #Haber process
1868 AD Soren Sorensen #chemistry #pH
1868 AD Walter Rothschild #zoology #
1868 AD Bernarr Macfadden #physical culture #
1868 AD Henrietta Swan Leavitt #physical cosmology #
1868 AD Felix Hausdorff #math, topology, metric spaces #
1868 AD Jacob Davis #invention #Riveted jeans
1868 AD Felix Hoffmann #invention #Aspirin
1868 AD Charles Leiper Grigg #invention #7 Up
1868 AD Paul Otlet #bibliometrics #
1867 AD Charles Francis Jenkins #invention #television and movie projector, Phantoscope
1867 AD Charles Fabry #invention #interferometer (with Alfred Perot)
1867 AD Bernard Brunhes #physics, geophysics, paleomagnetism #
1867 AD Irving Fisher #monetary economics #
1867 AD Gustav Giemsa #invention, histology #Giemsa stain
1867 AD Madam Walker #invention #beauty and hair products for African American women
1866 AD Aldred Scott Warthin #invention, histology #with Allen Chronister Starry (1890-1973) Warthin-Starry stain
1866 AD Herbert Henry Dow #invention, chemical engineering #
1866 AD Reginald Fessenden #invention #two-way radio
1866 AD Mary Anderson #invention #windshield wiper blade
1866 AD Charles-Jean De La Vallee-Poussin #math #
1866 AD Ira Van Gieson #invention, histology #Van Gieson's stain
1865 AD International Telecommunication Union* #standards #radio-frequency spectrum, geostationary satellite orbits, global telecommunications
1865 AD Hantaro Nagaoka #physics #
1865 AD Jacques Hadamard #math #
1865 AD Lloyd Groff Copeman #invention #Electric stove
1864 AD Jozef Murgas #invention #wireless telegraph (forerunner of the radio)
1864 AD Hermann Minkowski #math #
1864 AD Ransom Eli Olds #invention #Assembly line
1864 AD Carl Edvard Johansson #invention #Gauge blocks
1864 AD Dmitri Ivanovsky #botany, virology #
1864 AD Alois Alzheimer #biology, psychiatry, neuropathology #
1863 AD Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky #invention #early colour photography, colour film slides, colour motion pictures
1863 AD Charles Spearman #math, statistics #
1863 AD Alfred Perot #invention, physics #interferometer (with Charles Fabry)
1863 AD Gheorghe Marinescu #invention, neurology #first science films in the world
1863 AD Alexei Krylov #invention, naval engineering #gyroscopic damping of ships
1863 AD Paul Walden #invention #Walden inversion, Ethylammonium nitrate (the first room temperature ionic liquid)
1863 AD Leo Baekeland #invention #Velox photographic paper, Bakelite
1863 AD Frank Hornby #invention #Meccano
1863 AD Corrado Segre #math, algebraic geometry #
1863 AD Charles Hall #invention #aluminum production
1863 AD Friedrich Raschig #chemical engineering #
1863 AD Arthur Dehon Little #chemical engineering #
1863 AD Annie Jump Cannon #astronomy #
1862 AD Boris Borisovich Galitzine #invention, seismology #electromagnetic seismograph
1862 AD Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky #invention #three-phase electric power
1862 AD Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist #invention #Kerosene stove operated by compressed air
1862 AD Auguste Lumiere | Louis Lumiere #invention #Cinematographe
1862 AD David Hilbert #math, geometry, quantum theory #
1862 AD Arthur Wynne #invention #creator of crossword puzzle
1861 AD Joseph John O'Connell #invention, electrical engineering #circuit breaker, coin return, invisible wire phone, electric lamp, signal burglar-alarm
1861 AD Nikolay Zelinsky #invention #the first effective filtering coal gas mask in the world
1861 AD Miriam Benjamin #invention #Gong and signal chair (adopted by House of Representatives and precursor to flight attendant signal system)
1861 AD James Naismith #invention #invented basketball and American football helmet
1861 AD William Bateson #biology, genetics #
1860 AD William Morrison #invention #a.o. Cotton candy machine
1860 AD Elmer Ambrose Sperry #invention #gyroscope-guided automatic pilot
1860 AD Frank Bursley Taylor #geology #
1860 AD Daniel Barringer #geology #
1860 AD John Scott Haldane #biology, population genetics, modern synthesis #
1860 AD Willem Einthoven #invention #electrocardiogram
1860 AD Paul Gottlieb Nipkow #invention #Nipkow disk
1860 AD Herman Hollerith #invention #recording data on a machine readable medium tabulator, punched cards
1860 AD William Kennedy Laurie Dickson #invention #motion picture camera
1860 AD Waldemar Haffkine #invention #first anti-cholera and anti-plague vaccines
1860 AD Frank Morley #math #
1860 AD Otto Blathy #invention, electrical engineering #co-inventor of the transformer
1859 AD Ludwik Lazarz Zamenhof #invention #Esperanto
1859 AD Elmer Gates #invention #foam fire extinguisher, electric loom mechanisms, magnetic & diamagnetic separators
1859 AD Sergey Malyutin #invention #matryoshka doll (with Vasily Zvyozdochkin)
1859 AD Aurel Stodola #invention #gas turbines
1859 AD Alexander Popov #invention #radio pioneer, created a radio receiver that worked as a lightning detector
1859 AD Edouard-Alfred Martel #speleology #
1859 AD Pierre Curie #physics #
1859 AD Edouard Michelin #invention #pneumatic tire
1858 AD William Stanley #invention #carbon for incandescent lamps, induction coil, incandescent electric lamp, all-steel vacuum bottle
1858 AD Carl Auer von Welsbach #invention #Gas mantle, ferrocerium
1858 AD Michael Pupin #invention #pupinization (loading coils), tunable oscillator
1858 AD Leon Serpollet #invention #Flash boiler, Gardner-Serpollet steam car
1858 AD John Montgomery #invention #heavier-than-air gliders
1858 AD Jagdish Chandra Bose #invention #Crescograph
1858 AD Ivan Vucetic #invention #Method of fingerprint classification
1858 AD Eugene Dubois #paleoanthropology, geology #
1858 AD Giuseppe Peano #logic, math #
1858 AD Rudolph Diesel #invention, chemical engineering #Diesel engine
1858 AD Emil Strub #invention #Strub rack railway system
1858 AD Chester Greenwood #invention #thermal earmuffs
1858 AD Carl Richard Nyberg #invention #the blowtorch
1858 AD Richard Dixon Oldham #geology #
1857 AD Alfred Binet #invention #Intelligence test (with Theodore Simon)
1857 AD Karl Pearson #math, statistics #
1857 AD Heinrich Rudolf Hertz #invention, physics #radio telegraphy, electromagnetic radiation
1857 AD Franz Ziehl #invention, histology #Ziehl-Neelsen stain (with Friedrich Neelsen)
1857 AD John Joly #physics, geology #
1857 AD Andrija Mohorovicic #meteorology, seismology #
1857 AD Aleksandr Lyapunov #math, stability theory #
1857 AD Konstantin Tsiolkovsky #invention, spaceflight, rocketry #spaceflight
1857 AD Vladimir Bekhterev #invention #Bekhterev's Mixture
1857 AD Friedrich Reinitzer #chemistry, botany #
1857 AD Williamina Fleming #astronomy #
1856 AD Nikola Tesla #invention, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, physics #induction motor, the transmission of electrical power
1856 AD Andrei Andreevich Markov #math, probability #
1856 AD Sergei Winogradsky #invention #Winogradsky column for culturing microorganisms
1856 AD Granville Woods #invention #Synchronous Multiplex Railway Telegraph
1856 AD Auguste Victor Louis Verneuil #invention #Verneuil process (crystal growth)
1856 AD Emil Kraepelin #biology, psychiatry, psychopharmacology, psychiatric genetics #
1856 AD Sigmund Freud #biology, neurologist, psychoanalysis #
1855 AD William Friese-Greene #invention #cinematography
1855 AD Percival Lowell #planetary science #
1855 AD Jacques Curie #physics #
1855 AD Leon Philippe Teisserenc de Bort #meteorology, atmospheric science #
1855 AD Joseph Day #invention #the crankcase-compression two-stroke engine
1855 AD Jonas Wenstrom #invention #three-phase electrical power
1854 AD Victor Babes #invention, bacteriology #Babesia, serum therapy
1854 AD George Eastman #invention, photography #roll film
1854 AD Miksa Deri #invention #co-inventor of an improved closed-core transformer
1854 AD David Gestetner #invention #a.o. Gestetner copier
1854 AD Johannes Robert Rydberg #physics #
1854 AD Charles Algernon Parsons #invention, engineering #steam turbine
1854 AD Henry John Horstman Fenton #invention, chemistry #Fenton's reagent
1854 AD Nikolay Slavyanov #invention #shielded metal arc welding
1854 AD Henri Poincare #algebraic topology, physics, chaos theory #
1853 AD Heike Kamerlingh Onnes #invention #liquid helium
1853 AD Vladimir Shukhov #invention, structural engineering, engineering design #thermal cracking
1853 AD Elihu Thomson #invention #Arc lamp
1853 AD Hans Christian Gram #invention, bacteriology, histology #Gram staining
1853 AD Johan Petter Johansson #invention #Pipe wrench, adjustable spanner
1853 AD Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro #math, tensor calculus #
1853 AD Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn #invention #Taximeter
1852 AD Antoine Henri Becquerel #physics #
1852 AD Julius Richard Petri #invention #Petri dish
1852 AD William Stewart Halsted #surgery #
1852 AD Ferdinand Lindemann #math #
1852 AD John Harvey Kellogg #invention #cornflake breakfasts
1852 AD David Schwarz #invention #rigid ship later called Zeppelin
1851 AD Irving Langmuir #invention #gas filled incandescent light bulb, hydrogen welding
1851 AD Oliver Joseph Lodge #invention, physics #coherer
1851 AD Ognjeslav Kostovic #invention #arborite (high-strength plywood, an early plastic)
1851 AD Mikhail Pomortsev #invention #nephoscope
1851 AD Herman Frasch #invention #Frasch process (petrochemistry), Paraffin wax purification
1851 AD Emile Berliner #invention #the disc record gramophone
1851 AD Charles Chamberland #invention #Chamberland filter
1851 AD George Francis FitzGerald #physics #
1851 AD Martinus Willem Beijerinck #microbiology, virology #
1851 AD Charles Dow #invention #Dow Jones Industrial Average
1851 AD Aleksandr Dianin #invention #Bisphenol A, Dianin's compound
1850 AD Karl Ferdinand Braun #invention #cathode-ray tube oscilloscope
1850 AD Oliver Heaviside #vector algebra, vector calculus, physics, engineering #
1850 AD Charles Doolittle Walcott #geology, paleontology #
1850 AD Henry Louis Le Chatelier #chemistry #
1850 AD George Edward Davis #chemical engineering #
1849 AD Stepan Makarov #invention #Icebreaker Yermak
1849 AD Ivan Pavlov #invention #classical conditioning
1849 AD William Osler #medicine #
1849 AD Felix Klein #math #
1849 AD Ellen Eglin #invention #Clothes wringer
1849 AD Aleksandr Loran #invention #fire fighting foam, foam extinguisher
1849 AD William Johnson Sollas #geology #
1848 AD Lewis Latimer #invention #improved carbon-filament light bulb
1848 AD John Ambrose Fleming #invention #Vacuum diode
1848 AD Friedrich Soennecken #invention #Ring binder, Hole punch
1848 AD Enrico Forlanini #invention #Steam helicopter, hydrofoil, Forlanini airships
1848 AD Gottlob Frege #logic, math #
1848 AD Otto Lilienthal #invention #hang glider
1848 AD Viktor Meyer #chemistry #
1848 AD Hugo de Vries #biology, botany, genetics #
1847 AD Galileo Ferraris #invention, physics, electrical engineering #
1847 AD Thomas Edison #invention #phonograph, commercially practical light bulb, stock ticker, ticker-tape machine, fluoroscope
1847 AD Pavel Yablochkov #invention #Yablochkov candle
1847 AD Josip Belusic #invention #electric speedometer
1847 AD Alexander Lodygin #invention #electrical filament, incandescent light bulb with tungsten filament
1847 AD Alexander Graham Bell #invention, engineering #telephone
1847 AD Nikolay Yegorovich Zhukovsky #invention, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics #an early wind tunnel, co-developer of the Tsar Tank
1847 AD Philip Diehl #invention #Ceiling fan
1847 AD Maria Beasley #invention #barrel-hooping machine, improved life raft
1847 AD George Ferdinand Becker #geology #
1846 AD Ira Remsen #invention #saccharin
1846 AD Ottomar Anschitz #invention #single-curtain focal-plane shutter, electrotachyscope
1846 AD Lars Magnus Ericsson #invention #handheld micro telephone
1846 AD Eugen Baumann #invention #PVC
1846 AD George Westinghouse #invention, engineering #Air brake (rail)
1846 AD Wladimir Koppen #geography, meteorology, climatology, botany #
1845 AD Wilhelm Roentgen #invention #the X-ray machine
1845 AD Georg Cantor #math #
1845 AD Francis Ysidro Edgeworth #math, statistics #
1845 AD Theophil Wilgodt Odhner #invention, engineering #mechanical calculator, instrument
1845 AD William Saville-Kent #invention #Pearl culture
1845 AD Jonas Ferdinand Gabriel Lippmann #invention #Lippmann plate, Integral imaging, Lippmann electrometer
1845 AD Emile Baudot #invention #Baudot code
1845 AD Carl Gustaf Patrik De Laval #chemical engineering #milk separator, the milking machine
1845 AD Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov #invention #probiotics
1845 AD Fyodor Pirotsky #invention #electric tram
1845 AD Daniel David Palmer #invention #chiropractic
1844 AD Edouard Branly #invention #Branly coherer
1844 AD Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann #physics, statistical mechanics #
1844 AD Pelham Aldrich #oceanography #
1844 AD Tivadar Puskas #invention #telephone exchange
1844 AD Nagai Nagayoshi #invention #Methamphetamine
1844 AD Karl Benz #invention #the petrol-powered automobile
1844 AD James Henry Greathead #invention #tunnel boring machine, tunnelling shield technique
1844 AD Friedrich Miescher #biology #
1844 AD Gustav Schwalbe #anthropology #
1843 AD Robert Koch #invention #method for culturing bacteria on solid media
1843 AD Elijah McCoy #invention #Displacement lubricator
1843 AD Camillo Golgi #invention, biology, histology #black reaction
1843 AD Henry Perky #invention #shredded wheat
1843 AD Grove Karl Gilbert #geology #
1842 AD Dmitry Lachinov #invention #mercury pump, electrical insulation tester, optical dynamometer, photometer, electrolyser
1842 AD Nikolay Benardos #invention #carbon arc welding
1842 AD Sophus Lie #math #
1842 AD Edouard Lucas #math #
1842 AD James Dewar #invention, physics, chemistry #Thermos flask
1842 AD Helge Palmcrantz #invention #the multi-barrel lever-actuated machine gun
1842 AD Osborne Reynolds #fluid dynamics #
1841 AD Jules Louis Gabriel Violle #invention, physics #solar constant, luminous intensity
1841 AD Theophilus Van Kannel #invention #revolving door
1841 AD Cyril Duquet #invention #Telephone handset
1841 AD Antonio Pacinotti #invention #Pacinotti dynamo
1841 AD Eugenius Warming #ecology, botany #
1840 AD Hiram Maxim #invention #first self-powered machine gun
1840 AD Ernst Karl Abbe #invention #Condenser (microscope), apochromatic lens, refractometer
1840 AD Edward Drinker Cope #palaeontology, comparative anatomy, herpetology, ichthyology #
1840 AD John Boyd Dunlop #invention #first practical pneumatic tyre
1840 AD Eduard Locher #invention #Locher rack railway system
1839 AD Aleksandr Stoletov #invention, physics, electrical engineering #solar cell
1839 AD Charles Sanders Peirce #math, statistics #
1839 AD Nestor Genko #invention #the first large-scale windbreak system
1839 AD Willard Gibbs #vector algebra, vector calculus, modern chemical thermodynamics, energetics #
1839 AD Josephine Cochrane #invention #dishwasher
1839 AD Almon Strowger #invention #automatic telephone exchange
1839 AD Ludwig Mond #chemistry #
1838 AD Josef Popper-Lynkeus #invention, physics, engineering #conversion of mechanical energy of waterfalls and rising tides into electrical power
1838 AD William Henry Perkin #invention, chemistry #Mauveine
1838 AD Thorvald Nicolai Thiele #math, statistics #
1838 AD William Painter #invention #a.o. Crown cork, Bottle opener
1838 AD Lucien Olivier #invention #Russian salad (Olivier salad)
1838 AD Edward Williams Morley #physics, chemistry, astronomy, optics #
1838 AD Ernst Mach #physics #
1838 AD Camille Jordan #math #
1838 AD Ferdinand von Zeppelin #invention, aircraft manufacturing #Zeppelin
1838 AD Margaret Knight #invention #machine that completely constructs box-bottom brown paper bags
1838 AD Ernest Solvay #chemistry #
1837 AD John Wesley Hyatt #invention #celluloid manufacturing
1837 AD John Newlands #chemistry #
1837 AD Henry Draper #astronomy #
1836 AD Whitcomb Judson #invention #zipper
1835 AD Adolf von Baeyer #invention #a.o. Fluorescein, synthetic Indigo dye, Phenolphthalein
1835 AD Josef Stefan #math, physics #
1835 AD Emile Leonard Mathieu #math, physics #
1834 AD John Venn #invention, logic #
1834 AD Hugo Schiff #invention, histology #
1834 AD Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev #invention, chemistry #Periodic table, pycnometer, pyrocollodion
1834 AD Samuel Pierpont Langley #invention, astronomy #bolometer
1834 AD Hugh Owen Thomas #orthopedic surgery #
1834 AD Frederick Walton #invention #Linoleum
1834 AD Wilhelm Olbers Focke #botany #
1834 AD Ernst Haeckel #biology, ecology #
1833 AD Alfred Nobel #invention, chemistry #dynamite, blasting gelatin
1833 AD Frederick Guthrie #physics, chemistry #
1833 AD Fleeming Jenkin #engineering #
1832 AD William Crookes #invention, physical chemistry #Crookes radiometer, Crookes tube
1832 AD Wilhelm Wundt #psychology #
1832 AD Rudolf Lipschitz #math #
1832 AD Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) #logic, math #
1832 AD Nikolaus Otto #engineering #
1832 AD Gustave Eiffel #civil engineering, architecture, meteorology, aerodynamics #
1831 AD Julius Wilhelm Richard Dedekind #math #
1831 AD James Clerk Maxwell #invention, math, physics #colour photography (and Thomas Sutton)
1831 AD Ludvig Nobel #invention #first successful oil tanker
1831 AD David Edward Hughes #invention #printing telegraph, microphone
1831 AD Amanda Minnie Douglas #invention #portable folding mosquito net frame
1831 AD Alexander Parkes #invention #celluloid
1831 AD Joseph David Everett #physics #
1831 AD Othniel Charles Marsh #palaeontology #
1831 AD John Pemberton #invention #Coca-Cola
1831 AD George Pullman #invention #Pullman sleep wagon
1831 AD Eduard Suess #geology #
1831 AD Christian Wilhelm Braune #biomechanics #
1830 AD Eadweard Muybridge #invention #motion picture
1830 AD Charles Wyville Thomson #zoology, oceanography #
1830 AD Francois-Marie Raoult #chemistry #
1829 AD Adolf Eugen Fick #invention, math, physics, physiology #contact lens
1829 AD E. K. Gauzen #invention #diving machine (three bolt equipment)
1829 AD Levi Strauss #invention #blue jeans
1829 AD Friedrich August Kekule #chemistry #
1828 AD Willoughby Smith #invention, engineering #
1828 AD Joseph Swan #invention #Incandescent light bulb
1828 AD James Leonard Plimpton #invention #roller skates
1828 AD Ferdinand Cohn #biology, bacteriology, microbiology #
1827 AD Frederick Augustus Abel #invention, chemical engineering #cordite, determining the flash point of petroleum
1827 AD Joseph Lister #medicine #
1827 AD Marcellin Berthelot #invention, chemistry, thermochemistry #Berthelot's reagent chemistry
1827 AD Sandford Fleming #invention #Universal Standard Time
1826 AD George Johnstone Stoney #physics #
1826 AD Zenobe Gramme #invention #Gramme dynamo
1826 AD John Landis Mason #invention #Mason jars
1826 AD Bernhard Riemann #math, geometry, manifolds #
1826 AD John Fowler #invention #steam-driven ploughing engine
1826 AD Alfred Southwick #invention #Electric chair
1826 AD Stanislao Cannizzaro #chemistry #
1825 AD Emil Erlenmeyer #invention #Erlenmeyer flask
1825 AD Henry Walter Bates #natural history #
1825 AD Johann Jakob Balmer #math, chemistry #
1825 AD Henri Giffard #invention #powered airship, injector
1825 AD Edward Frankland #chemistry, organometallic chemistry #
1825 AD Thomas Henry Huxley #biology #
1824 AD William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) #invention, math, physics, engineering #current balance, signalling on long submarine cables
1824 AD Franz San Galli #invention #radiator central heating
1824 AD Gustav Kirchhoff #physics, chemistry #
1823 AD Leopold Kronecker #math #
1823 AD Sir William Siemens #invention #regenerative furnace
1823 AD Alfred Russel Wallace #biology, biogeography, natural history, evolution #
1822 AD James Thomson #engineering #
1822 AD Louis Pasteur #biology, chemistry, microbiology #
1822 AD Heinrich Louis d'Arrest #astronomy #
1822 AD Francis Galton #math, statistics, biological anthropology #
1822 AD Rudolph Clausius #math, physics, chemistry #
1822 AD Charles Hermite #math #
1822 AD Jean-Joseph Etienne Lenoir #invention #internal combustion engine, motorboat
1822 AD Ignacy Lukasiewicz #invention #Kerosene lamp
1822 AD Gregor Mendel #genetics #
1821 AD Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev #math, statistics, probability #
1821 AD Hermann von Helmholtz #invention, physics, physiology, psychology #Helmholtz pitch notation, Helmholtz resonator, ophthalmoscope
1821 AD Johann Josef Loschmidt #physics, chemistry #
1821 AD Fritz Muller #natural history #
1821 AD Rudolf Virchow #medicine, anthropology #
1821 AD Arthur Cayley #math #
1821 AD Linus Yale Junior #invention #cylinder lock
1821 AD Benjamin Chew Tilghman #invention #sandblasting
1821 AD James Croll #climatology #
1820 AD John Tyndall #physics #
1820 AD Florence Nightingale #nursing #
1820 AD Matthew Piers Watt Boulton #invention #aileron
1820 AD Ivan Elmanov #invention #first monorail horse-drawn
1820 AD Herbert Spencer #biology #
1819 AD John Couch Adams #math, astronomy #
1819 AD Leon Foucault #invention, physics #Foucault pendulum, gyroscope, eddy current
1819 AD Hippolyte Fizeau #physics #
1819 AD George Gabriel Stokes #physics #
1819 AD Narcis Monturiol i Estarriol #invention #steam powered submarine
1819 AD Elias Howe #invention #sewing machine
1818 AD James Prescott Joule #math, physics #
1818 AD Richard Gatling #invention #wheat drill, first successful machine gun
1818 AD Heinrich Gobel #invention #incandescent lamp
1818 AD Emil du Bois-Reymond #electrophysiology #
1817 AD Konstantin Konstantinov #invention #device for measuring flight speed of projectiles
1817 AD Osmond Fisher #physics, geophysics #
1817 AD Niklaus Riggenbach #invention #Riggenbach rack railway system, Counter-pressure brake
1817 AD Janos Irinyi #invention #noiseless match
1817 AD Hippolyte Mege-Mouries #invention #margarine
1817 AD Joseph Dalton Hooker #botany #
1817 AD Carl Wilhelm von Nageli #botany #
1816 AD Ernst Werner Siemens #invention, industry #a.o. electric elevator, Electromote (first trolleybus), an early Dynamo
1815 AD Ada Lovelace #math, computer_s #
1815 AD George Boole #math, computer_s #
1815 AD Karl Weierstrass #math, mathematical analysis #
1815 AD Giovanni Caselli #invention #Pantelegraph
1815 AD Edward Forbes #natural history #
1814 AD Anders Jonas Angstrom #physics, spectroscopy #
1814 AD Samuel Colt #invention #Revolver development
1814 AD Royal Earl House #invention #first Printing telegraph
1814 AD John Bennet Lawes #invention #superphosphate or chemical fertilizer
1814 AD Adolphe Sax #invention #saxophone
1813 AD Henry Bessemer #invention, chemistry #
1813 AD Claude Bernard #physiology #
1813 AD Pierre Alphonse Laurent #math #
1813 AD Giovanni Luppis | Ivan Vuki #invention #self-propelled torpedo
1813 AD James Marion Sims #gynaecology #
1813 AD John Snow #epidemiology #
1813 AD Thomas Andrews #chemistry #
1812 AD Johann Gottfried Galle #astronomy #
1811 AD Robert Bunsen #invention, chemistry, photochemistry, organoarsenic chemistry #Bunsen burner
1811 AD William Robert Grove #invention #fuel cell
1811 AD Urbain Le Verrier #math, astronomy #
1811 AD Evariste Galois #math #
1811 AD Isaac Singer #invention #sewing machine
1811 AD Elisha Otis #invention #safety system for elevators
1811 AD Hugh Edwin Strickland #geology, ornithology, natural history, systematist #
1811 AD John William Draper #chemistry, photochemistry #
1811 AD James Young #chemistry #
1810 AD Robert Mallet #invention, geophysics, seismology #coined the isoseismal map and epicentre
1810 AD Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov #invention #first anesthesia in a field operation
1810 AD Henri Victor Regnault #physics, chemistry #
1810 AD William George Armstrong #invention #hydraulic accumulator
1810 AD Theodor Schwann #biology, physiology #
1809 AD Philipp von Jolly #invention #Jolly balance
1809 AD Charles Darwin #natural history, biology, geology, evolution #
1809 AD Joseph Liouville #math #
1809 AD Louis Braille #invention #Braille writing system, Braille musical notation
1808 AD Petrus Jacobus Kipp #invention, chemistry #Kipp's apparatus
1808 AD Antonio Meucci #invention #a.o. various early telephones, a hygrometer (water vapour), a milk test
1808 AD James Nasmyth #invention #steam hammer
1808 AD Hippolyte Pixii #invention #Pixii dynamo
1808 AD Henry Cole #invention #Christmas card
1808 AD Hugh Falconer #geology, botany, palaeontology, paleoanthropology #
1807 AD Luigi Palmieri #invention #seismometer
1807 AD August Schrader #invention #Schrader valve for Pneumatic tire
1807 AD Louis Agassiz #glaciology #
1806 AD Augustus De Morgan #math #
1806 AD Matthew Fontaine Maury #meteorology, modern naval oceanography #
1805 AD Lucien Vidi #invention #Barograph
1805 AD Robert FitzRoy #meteorology #
1805 AD William Rowan Hamilton #math, physics, astronomy #
1805 AD Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet #math, physics #
1805 AD Thomas Graham #chemistry #
1804 AD Wilhelm Eduard Weber #physics #
1804 AD Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi #math #
1804 AD Richard Owen #biology, palaeontology #
1804 AD Matthias Jakob Schleiden #biology, botany, cell theory #
1803 AD Vassili Samarsky-Bykhovets #chemistry, mining engineering #samarium
1803 AD John Ericsson #invention #the two screw-propeller
1803 AD Johann Carl Fuhlrott #paleoanthropology #
1803 AD Christian Doppler #math, physics #
1803 AD Justus von Liebig #invention, chemistry, organic chemistry, nutrition #nitrogen-based fertilizer
1803 AD Sylvester Marsh #invention #Marsh rack railway system
1803 AD Henry Darcy #chemical engineering, hydraulics #
1803 AD Karl Friedrich Schimper #botany, natural history #
1802 AD Niels Henrik Abel #math #
1802 AD Janos Bolyai #math, non-euclidean geometry #
1802 AD Charles Wheatstone #invention, physics #a.o. concertina, stereoscope, microphone, Playfair cipher, pseudoscope, dynamo
1802 AD Benoit Fourneyron #invention #water turbine
1801 AD George Airy #math, astronomy #
1801 AD Moritz von Jacobi #invention #electrotyping, electric boat
1801 AD Joseph Plateau #invention #phenakistiscope (stroboscope)
1801 AD Ignazio Porro #invention #Porro prism, strip camera
1801 AD Gustav Fechner #psychophysics #
1801 AD John Goffe Rand #invention #Tube (container)
1801 AD Friedrich Clemens Gerke #invention #current international Morse code
1801 AD Coenraad Johannes van Houten #invention #cocoa powder, cacao butter, chocolate milk
1800 AD Humphrey Lloyd #physics #
1800 AD Anyos Istvan Jedlik #invention, physics, engineering #Jedlik dynamo
1800 AD Charles Goodyear #invention #vulcanization of rubber
1800 AD Friedrich Wohler #chemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry #
1800 AD William Nicholson, Anthony Carlisle #chemistry #
1800 AD Jean-Baptiste Dumas #chemistry #
1800 AD Jean Louis Lassaigne #chemistry #
1800 AD John Hogg #biology #
1800 AD William Parsons #astronomy #
1799 AD Nicholas Callan #invention, physics #a.o. Induction coil
1799 AD The Metric System #standards #
1799 AD Mary Anning #palaeontology #
1799 AD Tanaka Hisashige #invention #Myriad year clock
1799 AD Petrache Poenaru #invention #fountain pen
1799 AD John Stringfellow #invention #aerial steam carriage
1797 AD Joseph Henry #invention, science #electromagnetic relay
1797 AD Jean Leonard Marie Poiseuille #physics, chemistry #
1797 AD Linus Yale #invention #pin tumbler lock
1797 AD Charles Lyell #geology #
1797 AD Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig Hagen #chemical engineering, hydraulics #
1796 AD Adolphe Quetelet #invention, math, astronomy, statistics #Body mass index
1796 AD Nicolas Leonard Sadi Carnot #physics, engineering, thermodynamics #
1796 AD Henry De la Beche #geology, palaeontology #
1795 AD Ernst Heinrich Weber #psychophysics #
1795 AD Mary Ann Mantell #palaeontology #
1795 AD Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg #microscopy #
1795 AD Rowland Hill #invention #postage stamp
1795 AD Edwin Beard Budding #invention #lawnmower
1794 AD William Whewell #math, physics #
1793 AD Thomas Addison #medicine #
1793 AD George Green #math, electricity, magnetism #
1793 AD Josef Ressel #invention #ship propeller
1793 AD Goldsworthy Gurney #invention #Gurney Stove
1793 AD William Hopkins #geology #
1792 AD Stefan Banach #math #
1792 AD John Herschel #invention #photographic fixer (hypo), actinometer
1792 AD Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky #math, non-euclidean geometry #
1792 AD Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis #math, mechanical engineering #
1792 AD Roderick Murchison #geology #
1792 AD Karl Ernst von Baer #biology, embryology #
1791 AD Samuel Morse #invention, telegraphy #Morse code
1791 AD Michael Faraday #invention, electrical engineering #electric transformer, electric motor
1791 AD William Snow Harris #invention #naval lightning rods
1791 AD Henry Burden #invention #Horseshoe machine, first usable iron railroad spike
1791 AD Hugh Cuming #botany #
1790 AD John Frederic Daniell #invention #Daniel cell
1790 AD August Ferdinand Mobius #math, astronomy #
1790 AD Robert Stirling #invention #Stirling engine
1790 AD Gideon Mantell #geology, palaeontology #
1790 AD Patrick Matthew #genetics #
1789 AD Augustin-Louis Cauchy #math, mathematical analysis #
1789 AD Georg Simon Ohm #math, physics #
1788 AD Augustus Siebe #invention #standard diving dress
1788 AD Augustin-Jean Fresnel #invention #Fresnel lens
1788 AD Jean-Victor Poncelet #math, engineering, projective geometry #
1788 AD Seth Boyden #invention #nail-making machine
1788 AD Neil Arnott #invention #waterbed
1788 AD Karl von Reichenbach #invention #paraffin, creosote oil, phenol
1788 AD Joseph Aspdin #invention #Portland cement
1788 AD Gustaf Erik Pasch #invention #safety match
1788 AD Pierre Joseph Pelletier #chemistry, pharmacology #
1787 AD Joseph von Fraunhofer #invention, physics #spectroscope, diffraction grating
1787 AD Semen Korsakov #invention #punched card for information storage
1786 AD William George Horner #invention, math, optics #Daedaleum
1786 AD Pavel Schilling #invention #first electromagnetic telegraph, mine with an electric fuse
1786 AD Giovanni Battista Amici #invention #dipleidoscope, Amici prism
1786 AD Marc Seguin #invention #wire-cable suspension bridge
1786 AD Jean de Charpentier #geology #
1786 AD Thomas Nuttall #botany, zoology #
1785 AD Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar #invention #Arithmometer
1785 AD Claude-Louis Navier #math, physics, chemistry #
1785 AD Karl Drais #invention #dandy horse, Draisine
1785 AD Adam Sedgwick #geology #
1784 AD Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel #math, astronomy #
1784 AD Samuel Hunter Christie #invention #Wheatstone bridge
1784 AD William Buckland #geology, palaeontology #
1783 AD John Blenkinsop #invention #Blenkinsop rack railway system
1783 AD Alexander Sablukov #invention #centrifugal fan
1782 AD Charles Babbage #invention, math, computer_s #Analytical engine (semi-automatic)
1782 AD Samuel Guthrie #invention, medicine #chloroform
1781 AD Simeon-Denis Poisson #math, probability, electricity, magnetism #
1781 AD David Brewster #invention #Kaleidoscope
1781 AD George Stephenson #invention, civil engineering, mechanical engineering #steam railway
1781 AD Rene Laennec #invention #stethoscope
1780 AD Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner #invention, chemistry #Dobereiner's lamp
1780 AD Aeneas Coffey #invention #Coffey still
1779 AD Tabitha Babbit #invention #Saw mill, circular saw
1779 AD Nicolas Clement #physics, chemistry #
1779 AD Jons Jacob Berzelius #chemistry #
1778 AD Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac #physics, chemistry #
1778 AD Humphry Davy #chemistry, electrochemistry #Davy miners lamp
1777 AD Carl Friedrich Gauss #math, statistics, physics, astronomy #
1777 AD Hans Christian Orsted #invention, physics, chemistry #electromagnetism, aluminium
1776 AD Amedeo Avogadro #science #
1776 AD Giuseppe Zamboni #invention #Zamboni pile (early battery)
1775 AD Andre-Marie Ampere #math, physics, electrodynamics #
1775 AD Petro Prokopovych #invention #early beehive frame, queen excluder and other beekeeping novelties
1774 AD Jean-Baptiste Biot #math, physics, astronomy #
1774 AD John Howard Kyan #invention #The process of Kyanization used for wood preservation
1774 AD Francis Beaufort #hydrography #Beaufort scale, Beaufort cipher
1773 AD Andrei Sychra #invention #seven-string guitar
1773 AD Friedrich Mohs #geology, mineralogy #
1773 AD Thomas Young #physics, medicine #
1773 AD George Cayley #invention, aerodynamics #tension-spoke wheels
1773 AD Robert Brown #botany #
1772 AD Luke Howard #meteorology #
1772 AD William Congreve #invention #Congreve rocket
1772 AD Eli Terry #invention #shelf clock mechanism
1771 AD Thomas Wedgwood #invention #first (not permanent) photograph
1771 AD Henry Maudslay #invention #screw-cutting lathe, bench micrometer
1771 AD Richard Trevithick #invention #high-pressure steam engine, first full-scale steam locomotive
1770 AD Thomas Johann Seebeck #physics #
1769 AD William Smith #geology #
1769 AD Georges Cuvier #biology, comparative anatomy, palaeontology #
1769 AD Alexander von Humboldt #biogeography #
1768 AD Jean Robert Argand #math #
1768 AD Joseph Fourier #math, physics, engineering #
1768 AD Richard Hall Gower #invention #ship's hull and rigging
1766 AD John Dalton #physics, chemistry, meteorology #
1766 AD Charles Macintosh #invention #waterproof raincoat, life vest
1766 AD Thomas Robert Malthus #economics #
1765 AD Robert Fulton #invention #first commercially successful steamboat, first practical submarine
1765 AD Joseph Nicephore Niepce #invention #photography, heliography, pyreolophore
1765 AD Paolo Ruffini #math #
1765 AD George William Manby #invention #Fire extinguisher
1765 AD Eli Whitney #invention #the cotton gin
1764 AD Antonio Benedetto Carpano #invention #Vermouth
1763 AD Claude Chappe #invention #Semaphore line
1762 AD Samuel Morey #invention #internal combustion engine
1761 AD Henry Shrapnel #invention #Shrapnel shell ammunition
1761 AD Caspar Wistar #anatomy #
1760 AD Johan Gadolin #chemistry, physics, mineralogy #Gadolinium
1760 AD Hanaoka Seishu #invention, medicine #General anaesthetic
1759 AD William Kirby #entomology #
1758 AD Marie-Anne Paulze Lavoisier #science #
1757 AD Erik Acharius #lichenology #
1756 AD John Loudon McAdam #invention #improved "macadam" road surface
1756 AD Ernst Chladni #acoustics #
1755 AD James Parkinson #medicine #
1754 AD Jean-Francois Pilatre de Rozier #invention, physics, chemistry, aviation #Roziere balloon
1754 AD William Murdoch #invention #Gas lighting
1753 AD Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford) #physics #
1752 AD Adrien-Marie Legendre #math, calculus #
1750 AD Ami Argand #invention #Argand lamp
1749 AD Nicolas Appert #invention #canning (food preservation) using glass bottles
1749 AD Edward Jenner #biology, medicine, immunology #
1749 AD Pierre-Simon Laplace #math, probability, physics, astronomy #
1748 AD John Playfair #math, geology, statistical graphics #
1746 AD Jacques Alexandre Cesar Charles #invention, chemistry #baloon valve, hydrometer and reflecting goniometer
1746 AD Gaspard Monge #math, descriptive geometry #
1746 AD Giuseppe Piazzi #math, astronomy #
1745 AD Johan Christian Fabricius #zoology, entomology #
1745 AD Alessandro Volta #invention, physics, chemistry #battery see also Voltaic pile
1744 AD Jean-Baptiste Lamarck #biology, natural history, evolution #
1743 AD Jean-Paul Marat #physics #
1743 AD Joseph Banks #natural history, botany #
1743 AD Antoine Lavoisier #chemistry, biology #
1742 AD Carl Wilhelm Scheele #chemistry #
1742 AD Nicolas Leblanc #chemical engineering #
1741 AD William Withering #botany, geology, chemistry, medicine #
1740 AD Montgolfier brothers #invention #1740-1810 and 1745-1799 - hot air balloon
1739 AD Cornelius de Pauw #geographer #
1738 AD William Herschel #astronomy #
1738 AD Joseph-Ignace Guillotin #invention #Guillotine
1737 AD Luigi Galvani #physics, biology #
1737 AD Charles Hutton #math #
1736 AD Charles-Augustin de Coulomb #physics, engineering #
1736 AD Joseph-Louis Lagrange #math, mechanics #
1736 AD James Watt #invention, mechanical engineering, chemistry #improved Steam engine
1735 AD Ivan Kulibin #invention #egg-shaped clock, candle searchlight, elevator using screw mechanisms, optical telegraph
1735 AD Alexandre-Theophile Vandermonde #math #
1734 AD John Barber #invention #gas turbine
1733 AD Joseph Priestley #invention, chemistry #soda water
1733 AD Jeremiah Dixon #astronomy #
1732 AD Nevil Maskelyne #astronomy #
1732 AD Joseph Lalande #astronomy #
1731 AD Henry Cavendish #physics, chemistry #
1730 AD Jan Ingenhousz #physics, chemistry #
1730 AD Charles Messier #astronomy #
1729 AD Anders Chydenius #economics #
1728 AD John Hunter #surgery #
1728 AD Joseph Black #physics, chemistry, medicine #
1728 AD Johann Heinrich Lambert #math, science #
1728 AD Ivan Polzunov #invention #first two-cylinder steam engine
1728 AD James Cook #cartography #
1728 AD Charles Mason #astronomy #
1726 AD James Hutton #geology #
1725 AD Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot #invention #first steam-powered road vehicle
1724 AD John Michell #physics, geology #
1723 AD Antoine Louis #invention #Guillotine
1723 AD Adam Smith #economics #
1722 AD Jean-Baptiste Chappe d'Auteroche #astronomy #
1720 AD James Hargreaves #invention #spinning jenny
1718 AD Maria Agnesi #physics, chemistry, botany, zoology #
1718 AD John Roebuck #invention #lead chamber process for sulfuric acid synthesis
1716 AD Antonio de Ulloa #science #
1713 AD Jozef Karol Hell #invention #the water pillar
1711 AD Mikhail Lomonosov #invention, physics, astronomy #night vision telescope, off-axis reflecting telescope, coaxial rotor, re-invented smalt
1711 AD Roger Joseph Boscovich #math, physics, astronomy #
1710 AD Thomas Simpson #math #
1710 AD William Cullen #invention #first artificial refrigerator
1709 AD Georg Wilhelm Steller #botany, zoology #
1707 AD Georges Louis Leclerc #math, probability #
1707 AD Leonhard Euler #math, graph theory #
1707 AD Carl Linnaeus #invention, ecology, botany, medicine, zoology #formal Binomial nomenclature for living organisms, Horologium Florae
1706 AD Benjamin Franklin #invention, physics #pointed lightning rod conductor, bifocal glasses, Franklin stove, glass harmonica
1705 AD Peter Artedi #ichthyology #
1704 AD Gabriel Cramer #math #
1702 AD Thomas Bayes #math, statistics, probability #
1701 AD Anders Celsius #invention, math, physics, astronomy #Celsius temperature scale
1701 AD Charles Marie de La Condamine #math, astronomy, geography #
1700 AD Daniel Bernoulli #math, economics #
1700 AD Ewald Georg von Kleist #invention, physics #Kleistian jar
1700 AD Jean-Antoine Nollet #invention #Electroscope
1699 AD Yefim Smolin #invention #table-glass (stakan granyonyi)
1698 AD Pierre Bouguer #geophysics, geodesy, astronomy #
1698 AD Colin Maclaurin #math, calculus, geometry #
1698 AD Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis #math #
1698 AD Charles Francois de Cisternay du Fay #chemistry #
1693 AD John Harrison #invention #marine chronometer
1692 AD Pieter van Musschenbroek #invention #Leyden jar, pyrometer
1692 AD James Stirling #math #
1690 AD Christian Goldbach #math #
1687 AD Leonty Shamshurenkov #invention #self-propelling carriage, original odometer
1686 AD Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit #invention, physics #Fahrenheit temperature scale, Mercury-in-glass thermometer
1685 AD George Hadley #meteorology #trade winds
1685 AD Brook Taylor #math #
1685 AD Johann Maria Farina #invention #Eau de Cologne
1685 AD Bartolomeu de Gusmao #invention #early air balloons
1683 AD Andrey Nartov #invention #first lathe with a mechanic cutting tool - supporting carriage and a set of gears
1682 AD John Hadley #math, invention #Octant
1680 AD Richard Cantillon #economics #
1678 AD Pierre Fauchard #dentistry #
1677 AD Jacques Cassini #astronomy #
1672 AD Peter I the Great, Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov, Tsar and Emperor of Russia #invention #decimal currency, sounding weight probe
1667 AD Abraham De Moivre #math, probability #
1667 AD Jean Bernoulli #math #
1666 AD Stephen Gray #chemistry #
1661 AD Guillaume de l'Hopital #math #
1661 AD Christopher Polhem #invention #Padlock
1660 AD Motorins Ivan Feodorovich #invention #and his son Mikhail Ivanovich (1750) - Tsar Bell
1659 AD Muhammad Salih Tahtawi #invention #seamless globe and celestial globe
1656 AD Nicolaas Hartsoeker #math, physics, microscopy #
1656 AD Edmond Halley #math, physics, geophysics, astronomy, meteorology, actuarial science #
1655 AD Bartolomeo Cristofori #invention #piano
1654 AD Jacques Bernoulli #math, probability #
1652 AD Michel Rolle #math #
1650 AD Thomas Savery #invention #steam engine
1648 AD Giovanni Ceva #math #
1646 AD Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz #math, calculus #
1644 AD Ole Romer #astronomy #
1642 AD Isaac Newton #invention, math, calculus, mechanics #reflecting telescope (which reduces chromatic aberration)
1640 AD Bernard Lamy #math #
1638 AD James Gregory #invention, math #Gregorian telescope
1638 AD Nicolas Steno #geology, anatomy #
1637 AD Jan Swammerdam #biology, entomology #
1635 AD Robert Hooke #invention, physics, chemistry, microscopy #balance wheel, iris diaphragm, acoustic telephone
1632 AD Antonie van Leeuwenhoek #invention, biology, microbiology, microscopy #Microscope
1632 AD Christopher Wren #math, physics, astronomy #
1630 AD Isaac Barrow #math #
1630 AD Hennig Brand #alchemy #
1629 AD Christiaan Huygens #math, probability, physics, astronomy #pendulum clock
1628 AD Marcello Malpighi #anatomy, histology #
1627 AD Robert Boyle #physics, chemistry #
1627 AD John Ray #botany, zoology #
1626 AD Francesco Redi #biology, parasitology #
1625 AD Giovanni Domenico Cassini #math, astronomy #
1623 AD Blaise Pascal #invention, math, probability, physics #Pascal's calculator
1620 AD John Graunt #math, statistics, demography, epidemiology #
1620 AD Jean Picard #astronomy #
1616 AD John Wallis #math #
1608 AD Evangelista Torricelli #invention, math, physics #barometer
1602 AD Otto von Guericke #invention, physics #vacuum pump, manometer, dasymeter
1602 AD Gilles de Roberval #invention #Roberval balance (weighing scale)
1601 AD Pierre de Fermat #math, analytic geometry, probability #
1598 AD Bonaventura Cavalieri #math #
1598 AD Giovanni Battista Riccioli #astronomy #
1596 AD Rene Descartes #math, analytic geometry #
1591 AD Girard Desargues #math, projective geometry, engineering #
1588 AD Marin Mersenne #math #
1582 AD Fathullah Shirazi #invention #early volley gun
1580 AD Pierre Vernier #invention #Vernier scale
1580 AD Willebrord Snellius #math, physics, astronomy #
1578 AD William Harvey #physiology, anatomy #
1575 AD William Oughtred #invention, math #slide rule
1572 AD Rafael Bombelli #math #
1571 AD Johannes Kepler #math, astronomy #
1570 AD Hans Lippershey #invention, refracting telescope #associated with the appearance of the refracting telescope
1564 AD Galileo Galilei #invention, math, physics, astronomy #
1563 AD William Lee #invention #Stocking frame knitting machine
1561 AD Henry Briggs #math, logarithms #
1561 AD Francis Bacon #physics #
1561 AD John Harington #invention #the flush toilet
1550 AD John Napier #math #logarithms
1550 AD Cornelis Corneliszoon #invention #wind powered sawmill
1548 AD Simon Stevin #invention, math, engineering #land yacht
1546 AD Tycho Brahe #astronomy #
1544 AD William Gilbert #astronomy, electrical engineering #
1526 AD Taqi al-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf #invention #steam turbine, six-cylinder 'Monobloc' suction pump, framed sextant
1523 AD Gabriele Falloppio (Fallopius) #biology, anatomy, medicine #
1514 AD Andreas Vesalius #biology, modern human anatomy #
1510 AD Ivan Fyodorov #invention #invented multi-barreled mortar, introduced printing in Russia
1510 AD Ambroise Pare #surgery #
1509 AD Michael Servetus #medicine #
1501 AD Gerolamo Cardano #invention, math, probability, cryptography, physics #a.o. Cardan grille
1499 AD Niccolo Tartaglia #math #
1494 AD Georgius Agricola #mineralogy #
1493 AD Paracelsus #medicine, toxicology #
1473 AD Nicolaus Copernicus #math, physics, astronomy #
1452 AD Leonardo da Vinci #math, geometry, mechanics, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics #helicopter, tank, parachute
1447 AD Luca Pacioli #accounting, bookkeeping #
1436 AD Johannes Muller von Konigsberg (Regiomontanus) #math #
1398 AD Johann Gutenberg #invention #movable type printing press
1385 AD Serafeddin Sabuncuoglu #invention, medicine #illustrated surgical atlas
1380 AD Jamshid al-Kashi #invention, computer_s #plate of conjunctions, analog planetary computer
1371 AD Zheng He #invention #Chinese treasure ship
1340 AD Madhava of Sangamagrama #classical analysis #
1332 AD Ibn Khaldun #demography, historiography, economics #
1320 AD Nicole Oresme #physics, monetary economics #
1304 AD Ibn al-Shatir #invention #"jewel box" device which combined a compass with a universal sundial
1300 AD Chu Shih-chieh #math #
1300 AD Guy de Chauliac #surgery #
1300 AD Jean Buridan #physics #
1299 AD Giacomo da Lentini #invention #Sonnet
1292 AD William of Saint-Cloud #astronomy #
1287 AD William of Ockham #logic #
1274 AD Abu Yusuf Yaqub #invention #siege cannon
1250 AD Theodoric of Freiberg #physics #
1235 AD Abi Bakr of Isfahan #invention #mechanical geared astrolabe with lunisolar calendar
1213 AD Ibn al-Nafis #medicine #
1201 AD Nasir al-Din al-Tusi #math, trigonometry, invention #observatory, Tusi couple
1187 AD Mardi bin Ali al-Tarsusi #invention #counterweight trebuchet, mangonel
1175 AD Robert Grosseteste #science #
1170 AD Leonardo of Pisa (Fibonacci) #math #
1136 AD Al-Jazari #invention #
1135 AD Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi #invention #linear astrolabe
1126 AD Ibn Rushd (Averroes) #physics #
1115 AD Al-Khazini #invention, math, astronomy #hydrostatic balance
1114 AD Bhaskara #math #
1085 AD Ibn Bajjah (Avempace) #physics #
1031 AD Shen Kuo #invention, physics, astronomy, geomorphology #improved gnomon, armillary sphere, clepsydra, sighting tube
1028 AD Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al-Zarqali (Arzachel) #invention #almanac, equatorium, universal astrolabe
1020 AD Su Song #invention #first chain drive
991 AD uido of Arezzo #invention #Guidonian hand, musical notation, music staff
990 AD i Sheng #invention #clay movable type printing
980 AD bn Sina (Avicenna) #invention, medicine #
973 AD urasaki Shikibu #invention #psychological novel
973 AD Al-Biruni #geodesy #
965 AD Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) #invention, math, experimental physics, optics #camera obscura, pinhole camera, magnifying glass
945 AD Al-Sijzi #invention, astronomy #heliocentric astrolabe
940 AD Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi #invention, astronomy #astronomical sextant
940 AD Ibn Sahl #math #
936 AD Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) #invention #catgut surgical suture, various surgical instruments and dental devices
903 AD Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi) #invention #timekeeping astrolabe, navigational astrolabe, surveying astrolabe
895 AD Ibn Al-Jazzar (Algizar) #invention #sexual dysfunction and erectile dysfunction treatment drugs
854 AD Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi (Rhazes) #invention, chemistry, biology, pediatrics #
810 AD Abbas Ibn Firnas (Armen Firman) #invention #artificial wings, fused quartz and silica glass, metronome
806 AD Muhammad al-Fazari #invention #astrolabe
801 AD Al-Kindi (Alkindus) #invention, chemistry, statistics, cryptanalysis #distillation of wine, cryptanalysis, frequency analysis
800 AD Banu Musa brothers #invention #
786 AD Al-Ma'mun #invention #singing bird automata, terrestrial globe
780 AD Algoritmi #invention, math, astronomy #modern algebra, mural instrument, horary and Sine quadrant, shadow square
721 AD Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber) #astronomy, chemistry #
683 AD Yi Xing #invention #astronomical clock
598 AD Brahmagupta #math, astronomy #
465 AD Aryabhata #math, mensuration #Aryabhatiya
370 AD Hypatia #math, astronomy, mechanics #
320 AD Pappus of Alexandria #math, geometry #
250 AD Diophantus of Alexandria #math #
220 AD Ma Jun #invention #south-pointing chariot, mechanical puppet theater, chain pumps, improved silk looms
200 AD Ptolemy (Claudius Ptolemaeus) #math, trigonometry, astronomy #
129 AD Aelius Galenus (Claudius Galenus) #medicine #
100 AD Menelaus of Alexandria #math, astronomy #
78 AD Zhang Heng #invention, math, astronomy, engineering #seismoscope, first hydraulic-powered armillary sphere
50 AD Cai Lun #invention #paper, the paper-making process
23 AD Pliny the Elder #natural history #
10 AD Hero of Alexandria (Heron) #invention, math, mensuration, optics #aeolipile
-124 BC Asclepiades of Bithynia #molecular medicine #
-190 BC Hipparchus of Nicaea #math, trigonometry, astronomy #
-190 BC Seleucus of Seleucia #astronomy #
-262 BC Apollonius of Perga #math #
-270 BC Aristarchus of Samos #math #
-275 BC Eratosthenes of Cyrene #math, astronomy, geography #
-287 BC Archimedes of Syracuse #math, geometry, hydrostatics #finding surface area and volume of a sphere, area of a segment of a parabola
-300 BC Euclid #math, geometry #
-371 BC Chanakya #early economics #
-380 BC Eudoxus of Cnidus #math, astronomy #
-384 BC Aristotle #deductive logic, physics, astronomy, geology, biology, psychology #
-460 BC Democritus #math #atomic theory
-469 BC Hippocrates of Kos #clinical medicine #
-500 BC Pythagoras #math, number theory #
-500 BC Zeno of Elea #physics #
-585 BC Thales of Miletus #math #the theorem that the angle in a semicircle is a right angle
-600 BC Sushruta #invention, medicine #plastic surgery, cataract surgery, rhinoplasty